Miscellaneous.

Lyttelton Times, Volume VI, Issue 429, 13 December 1856, Page 7

Miscellaneous.

Fearful Scene at Goodwood Races.— The following account of a contretemps that occurred during the race for the GoodAvood Stakes on Wednesday, July 30th, is taken from Hell's

Life in London ; —" Immediately the race Avas over the weighing room Avas beseiged by those anxious to loam the names and fate of the jockeys that had fallen, and foremost amongst the enquirers Avas the Duke of Richmond, Avho, ever ready to render assistance on such occasions, despatched his private break and other vehicles Avith medical aid to the sufferers. In the meantime, a great many people had hastened to the spot, and every attention Avas shown to the poor fellows, some of whom we regret to state have received such frightful injuries that it is doubtful if they Avill be able to ride again this year. The catastrophe, Avhich threAv a gloom over all, Avas caused by Chevy Chase, avlio getting the better of her ' feather ' —that curse of racing— ran up the bank, and rolled over backwards into the middle of the ruck, upsetting Jolly Marine and Speed the Plough, over whom fell Hungerford, Comedy, Enchanter, Vandal and Lundyfoot, The scene of confusion at the moment, as described to us by ej-e-witnesses, was frightful in the extreme, the seven horses and their maimed jockej's lying on the ground ' all of a heap.' Fortunately, all the horses instantly jumped up and galloped away except Chevy Chase, AA-hose fore legAvas smashed, as if h}1* a hammer, all the way doAvn from the knee to the hoof. The poor beast sat upon her haunches, moaning fearfully, but Avas soon put out of her misery by being shot. Of the unfortunate jockeys, Steggles and Ashmall Avere the first to come to, and though the latter Avas suffering from a broken collar-bone he proceeded Avith Steggles to the assistance of the others. BartholomeAv lay on his face, apparently dead, and Salter partly upon poor Ben's shoulder, in a state of insensibility; but Ashmall and Steggles succeeded in turning them over on their backs, and then went to little Hearnden and Mundy, the former of whom Avas lying under the bank—Mundy, in addition to his collar-bone, having his thigh broken in two places. CressAvell received severe contusions on his legs and arm, but Hall escaped Avith a shaking only, and both speedily recovered. Upon the arriA-al of medical'assistance BartholomeAv Avas placed in the break, Ashmall and Saltes in one fly, and Mundy in another, and despatched to the Royal Sussex Infirmary at Chichester. Hall returned to the stand in a vehicle, and Cresswell and Steggles on horseback, AAdiilst little Hearnden, looking the picture of death, was placed across Tom Taylor's lap, and coiiA-eyed on his pony to the Stand. CressAvell (though suffering a good deal), Hall and Steggles Avere able to ride in the SteAvard's Cup an hour afterwards. The greatest anxiety AA'as felt and expressed on all sides for Bartholomew, whose case, it was feared, might prove fatal, OAving to his not having spoken or moved up to the moment of his removal. Poor Mundy, though suffering the most excruciating agon}--, bore up manfully under the circumstances, as did Ashmall, AAdiose casualty AA-as of less importance. Much sympathy Avas expressed on all sides for the unfortunate sufferers, and a delay of upAvards of an hour occurred before the racing was resumed. It Avas at first supposed that two or three of the horses that fell had met with broken legs or backs, but fortunately these fears turned out unfounded. ChevA' Chase alone

meeting with that fatality ; though it is not unlikely that one or two of them may have received sufficient injury to prevent their reappearance on the turf for some time to come. Baron Rothschild's tAvo, Aye believe, ran loose after the others in the race, but Enchanter, Speed the Plough, Jolly Marine, and Vandal jumped the post and rails at the side of the course, and the three latter commenced fighting in the A\-ood close by. Speed the Plough and Vandal got Jolly Marine doAAii and attacked him most furiously, until a gipsy boy with great courage and presence of mind seized the former by the bridle ami separated them, Avh.roupon the old horse gallopped off to a pond and indulged in a cold bath, in the enjoyment of Avhich he Avas captured. Vandal had a large piece of flesh torn off his shoulder, and the Jolly Marine, in addition to his bridle being bit and torn, received a similar injury, besides a deep wound in the hip, which had the appearance of being inflicted Avith a knife, or some sharp instrument. Enchanter, avlio is a very savage brute, fortunately did not join in the melee, buttried his hand at steeple-chasing, and AA-as eventually secured at a small village nearly three miles off. The following remarkable article in the ' Monitour' has produced a great sensation in Europe as expressing the views of the French Emperor upon tho subject of the Spanish ditti-

[ culties. "We have watched Avith interest the I late events in Spain, and we approve of them up I to a certain point, believing that we should be able to augur from them a favourable chance for the firm establishment of a constitutional government; for France, which represents in Europe the ideas of 1789, cannot have any other desire than to see a neighbouring state, in the prosperity of which she takes a lively interest, avoid anarchy and despotism—those two rocks, dangerous alike to all progress, to all liberty ; and as the Espartero Ministry did not appear to have the power to prevent excesses, nor the energy neees..ary to govern a great country, it is natural to sympathise with a change which must give firmness to the throne of Isabella 11. Some foreign journals, blinded oft by their unreasonable preference for a name, are disposed to treat as a coup d'etat the resignation of a ministry accepted purely and simply by the Queen after repeated refusals. If that resignation had been that of O'Donnell, they would have considered the act perfectly constitutional. The spirit of party should never discolour things to this point, and thus endeavour to enforce a change in public opinion. " For two years past Spain was in a deplorable state. That great country, so long the arbitress of Europe—of which even lately the alliance was eagerly sought—had fallen into the lowest rank. It possessed neither finances, nor army, nor marine, nor commerce, nor administration, nor influence abroad. In this difficult situation ambitions men, instead of endeavouring to strengthen her, tried to create confusion, either by flattering the passions ofthe mass, or seeking to realise dangerous Utopian schemes. The troubles which haA re agitated Spain for some years may be truly traced to the fatal idea of certain ministers, four years ago, to strike a coup d'etat Avhen Spain AA'as tranquil, prosperous, and there existed no good reason to change suddenly the laws of the kingdom. For a coup d'etat to be legitimate in the judgment of posterity, it must be justified b}- extreme necessity, and that it be regarded in the eyes of all as the only means of saving the country, We know of those who dreamt of coups d'etat, not to modify some institutions, but to overturn the throne and change the dynasty, either by uniting Portugal to Spain under the House of Braganza, or by creating a regency. We know also, thanks to Marshal O'Donnell, that he attempted, Avithout a coup d'etat, to re-establish order in Spain —that first and indispensable basis of liberty. We know him with good will, dining the first moments of anarchy, to have directed his efforts to reorganhe the Spanish army, as AA-ell in respect to its morale as to its materiel: for it AA-as not sufficient to hare re-established it in battalions and squadrons : it was requisite to give soldiers so brave, and capable of such great things, the only principles that maintain armies—a love of duty, fidelity to the Sovereign, and discipline. We hope then, that the recent changes Avill bring to a close those coups d'etat and those prronunciamentos, so fatal in their effects, for we sincerely desire that Spain, Avhich contains within herself the elements of power and prosperity, shall recover, in the bosom of tranquility, that rank Avhich is due to her, instead of descending to the level of certain republics in South America, in AA-hich neither patriotism, nor civic virtues, nor eleA-ated principles are to be found, but merely generals struggling for power by the aid of soldiers deceived by empty promises." The Naval Brigade in the Trenches. — They Avere a dashing set of sea dogs. They Avere rolieking, and reckless, aud obstreperous, as if they had no heads to bo smashed or backs to be scratched. They grumbled that '* it av_.s darned hard" if they Avore not ailoAved to oiler themselves as a certain pot shot at thiriv varus tc :. K":-:-;*-:t sh.in>shoc-tev. They !:*_;_ their cv/n Avay of firing, and they Avould stick to it. The naval brigade would tire broadsides. There Avas aVays something the matter Avith the guns, until the last one in the gallery Avas loaded : then. Avith or Avithout orders, away we-nt the broadside, and the gunners jumped up upon the p.trapet, each to Avatch his oavh shot. If the natural result folloAved, and the reckless salt had his head knocked oi\\ no one thought anything about it : if It was only an arm. he would look at it for a moment, and then say in an under tone, | "I'm bloAved if them l.ufki.s haven't knocked oil* my tin. Here doctor, just belay this; make it all taut, Avill ye;" and then he would go at it again, until the inflammation snpeiveuing made him knock up. S.- Jack w _>uld pull up guns into inaccessible ; -Itions,

and with, a cutlass and ship pistol storm anythin_r. He was in Sebastopol before the Russians Afore out, and even before the Zouaves got hi. He __ot ?he first fruits of the plunder there ; and if you wanted any " curios. " such as a cross, or*an amulet, or a medal, you had only to co to tho quarters of tlie naval brigade, and, for about ten time? its original valued you might get anvihing, from a silver medal of the order of St Vladimir to a grey great coat. The first evening I was in camp I heard one of the brigade cursing himself and others with an energy that surpassed ordinary cursing. It seems he had found a box in Sebastopol, and had put-it in his pocket. He was stopped by the sentries, and searched, and the box AA-as opened in his presence. It contained Russian trinkets, and among other things, a watch and chain. Jack's despair AA-as, not at having been made to disgorge, for that, was a general grievance, but th.at lie had been such a fool as not to look into the box : for if he had, he said, lie would have naturally put the Avateh in his watch-pocket and let the seals hang out; and then, who Avould have a right to deprive him of his property.— Journal of adventures with the JSrifU-Ji Ann;/ of the Crimea. TiiE"Co"MM.O"P_"R-iN-CiiiEF. —At the present moment, when public attention is fixed upon the changes that are taking place at the liorse Guards, a brief sketch of the administration of thai department for the last seventy years may not be out of place. It is rather singular that we do not find the title of " Com-mander-in-Chief"* employed previous to the elevation of the late Duke of York to that post in 1795. and even on that occasion his royal highness's name occurs in the Gazette promotions as *-*■ appointed to be Field Marshal of his Majesty's Forces." This title, hoAvev-er, seems soon afterw._r__.'io have been tacitly dropped and supplanted by the other term so familiar to our ears. Previous to 1795 the chief administration ofthe Horse Guards Avas in the hands ofthe adjutant general—an office which Avas held successively by Lieutenant-General William Amherst, a younger brother of the first Lord Amherst, and after his death, in 17S1, by Lieute-nant-General Sir William Faucet, K. B. The Duke ol* York having been invested with the chief command, as avc have said, iv February, 1795, continued to administer it until the spring of 1800. He was succeeded as commander-in-chief by tlie late General Sir D. Dundas, who held that po?t, however, only till IS2-1, Avhen the first step of the Prince of Wales, on becoming Regent, w£? to reinstate his brother, who was always popular with the armr. in his command at the Horse Guards, which the Duke of York continued to bad from that date without interruption down io his death in January, 1527. The Duke of Wellington very naturally was chu-f.n by Lord Liverpool io succeed Ins royal highness; but on bccomir.g Premier in the February of the fblioAvirig year, his grace rts.gned the com-nancl into the hands of the late Lord Hill, who continued to hold it until within a few months of his deal]-, in IS-12. From that date tlie administration ofthe Horse Guards was again in ihe hands of the Duke of Wellington until his death, Sept.-ab-.r 14,1652. Lord Hardinge, v.-ho at that time held the Mastership of the Ordnance, succeeded to the post of com-mander-in-chief, and has just resigned it into the younger hands of his Royal Highness the Duke oi' Cambridge. The PrjiioD between the two English Bkyoxxtioks.—The interval between these two revolutions se.m:-- a transition inevitable to cv.ry hl.tory, Avhother of a J_mily or of an empuv ; the tr.m- ivhan the old things are passing a*:V_-;.-, wh-'-i: the i:\-*.v which i. to succeed them is i:Ot -:!<.v..l'.p-.d, ;u_'-l v.lien, oh-ip .rutely dinging p'-'-:s^*ve .^propping up the falling fabric with a hundred half-conscious fallaei-.-.--. What ever may b--J; -c nuciiK-t.;-..-.^ of superiieia! politics, the bulk oi' a -j-u'o-i. if it !..;• not rained to some great out' ar-. oi" oauo'jal fmy, is always con-.--erv..uv-- ; ao-l it laaes more thaii one generalion to i.jo-'hiy old ideas, and loose old prejudices enough io -.J--.it oi' ;■•:■_>• great change. What llr. ddacaulay calk the limited monarchy ofthe middle .*£_,., had wor-> itself out by the time of Charles I.; hut the Uionarehy, hoAyever limited, av-.« i!f-vef-.]id--i-:-, the --way of an individual over a nation—a direct p«'.:.o-:al relationship between the ptople and the kiisg. The great event of that uiilbrtunafe prince's hktory—the event A'.-;:'-.a'_ startled the Avhoh. caujiiie into horror and eoi---o riiauoii. a-u! Avhicii converted the common

loyalty of his folloAvcrs into a passion and a sentiment —had after the boldest and fiercest fashion, identified the monarch as a person bearing all the responsibility, and risking all thepenalties of a chief magistrate. Then came CroimveH's most personal and indiA-idual reign: and then, in a frenzy of popular delight and rejoicing, the king returned to enjoy '" his own again." The struggle commenced Avith the restoration. These high contending parties, England and Charles Stuart, stood fronting each other. Never Avas nation more Avilliug to be ruled. Would he reign over her ? The question Ava* a most momcntous"'oue. But the second Charles had no mind fo trouble himself so far ; he Avas content that anyone, even the .French Louis, hereditary rival and enemy as ho Avas, should reign instead of him, and the country gradually, sorroAVfully, Avonderingly, found it out. Then succeeded James, who Avanted to reign : and he managed the great empire as a London vestryman might manage a parish, -with an odious and a meddling tyrrauy, which, but ior the vast poAver Avhich made a tragedy of the farce, Avould have been ridiculous and contemptible. They Avere lamentable failures for kings, those two legitimate and hereditary princes ; their father had been a failure, and the cure in his case Avas fatal and sharp when iron-handed Oliver took his crown. But that grand usurpation Avas, after all, only an expedient, and one not to be desired nor repeated—a temporary expedient. Avhich left the nation in a rather Avorse position than before. Now AA-hat Avas to be done ? It seems then to have daAvned upon the mind of the country that AA-hat she Avanted Avas no longer a person but a thing—a steadfast and firm institution, standing strong in the midst of all popular convulsions, and not a_inan to be Avorshiped or beheaded as his fortune AA'as. It is in this character that William of Orange appears, a calm, abstract, self-engaged figure, among the uncertain crowds which press about the throne, and Aye are aAvare at once of the different atmosphere, the changed Avorld, Avhich centres in this taciturn Dutchman, avlio establishes no personal relations Avith the country he comes to save. There is little love on either side, and not much profession of it. The era of personal and passionate loyalty, the time of that fervid sentiment of devotion Avhieh makes many a page of history gIoAV like a tale of romance, is over for CA'er. We do not deny a certain heroism and kingliness in the character of William, but it Avas not as a hero that he came to England. Iv the Avhole history of his progress here, avc recognise not an individual but an impersonation—never a great man applying himself hurridly at the call of time and providence, to his natural vocation. He comes before us Avith a certain quiet solemnity, an office and not a person. It is the constitutional sovereign, the king of parliaments and ministers, the institutions of monarchy. The old time of romances Avith all its splendid chances, merges into tlie steadfast aud sober day which now surrounds us. The magnificent lottery of court favour, the prizes of poAver and dominion almost regal, Avhich once lay open to the grasp of Stafford's gloomy genius, or the gay gifts of Buckingham, no longer glittered on the tree of state to tempt the daring foot of ambition. The time of personal sovereignty Avent out and came to a conclusion, and in its place marched a grave, official figure, the emblem of all authority, the absolute possessor of none. And how to make reasonable law and rule, parliamentary decisions and public opinion take tlie place of the individual ruler who Avas no longer a practicable instrument of sovereignty was the problem of the age."— JUackicood. FoHs,u:e the Would ! —Forsake the world indeed ! Who made it ?—who fitted us for it ? —who piac.'d us in. it. 'What duties lie out C-fit^ "tf-jtone. For love io c__r icM'.u'.en;... lures is of God, and love to God is to our fellow creatures, and both alike dnnv breath from "this bright and breathing world." We must not forsake the A'.orld, even though it should have been darkened by the sins of ourselves and others ■ birds of calm are often seen in a storm1; the primrose smiles on the brow ofthe Avindiest bilk nor cares for sleet or snow; and hath not a Christian soul the same power to preserve il-B-elf from scathe, Avhk-h has been given to insensate and inanimate things ; And then Avhat sort of a world is fo be substituted for the one we are wickedly bid to abandon ? A dark, narrow Avorld, indeed ,—-yet, narroAv as if is, haunted by thoughts that can, and too often do, debase and terrify into idiocy or madness. For nature, Unvaried, must dwindle into decay or dihtortion

—its lineaments ghastly, as with premature ago; the spring is struck out of life; the gracious hnv of her season is disobeyed; and on tho (roe of knoAvledgo we are to look for fruits before blossoms ! Bad philosophy and Avorse religion. Commend us to such Christianity as Mr. Bowles preaches so eloquently in this poem. To use his OAvn Avords, no priest is he " A,\*lm (It-cms the Almighty frowns upon lii_ Throne, DVcsuim- two jn-.ir of harmless Dowiiffurs, Whoso life lihh ltipswl without v Htuin, b.guilAn t'Vtf.'-.iujt hour with t-urd.s ; who deem, thul Hell' Bums ilorciT for v Snruband," We daresay Mr. Bowles,like ourselves, has long given up (lancing—and that though ho may occasionally join iv a rubber of Avhist for sixpenny points, he is, like ourselves, no very assiduous card-player. T'other evening avc laid aside our crutch, and tried, not unsuccessfully, to stand up in a quadrille, rather than that fifteen young people should be disappointed of their dos-a-dos —and avc acquitted ourselves like a Lancer. Same evening, avc faced an old lady at Avhist, and with the exception of a single revoke, which had like to bring an old house about our ears, avc played to the delight of HoA'le's ghost, avlio kept looking all the Avhile over our shoulder, pointing to each victorious card in.our irresistible hand.— Works of Christopher J^urth, (Professor 7 Vilson). Sleep.—There is no fact more clearly est ah- - lished in the physiology of man than this, that the brain expends its energies and itself during the hours of Avakefulncss, and that these are recuperated during sice]); if the recuperation does not equal the expenditure, the brain withers —this is insanity. Thus it is that, in early English history, persons a\-lio were condemned to death by being prevented from sleeping, ahvays died raving' maniacs ; thus it is also that those avlio are starved to death become insane ; the brain is not nourished, and they cannot sleep. The practical inferences are three—lst. Those who think most, avlio do most brain Avork, require most sleep. 2nd. That time "saved" from necessary sleep is infallibly destructive to mind, body, and estate. 3rd. Give yourself, your children, your servants, give all that are under you, the fullest amount of sleep they Avill take, by compelling them to go to bed at some regular early hour, and to rise in the morning the moment they aAvake : andAvithin a fortnight nature, Avith almost the regularity uf the rising sun, Avill unlose the bonds of sleep tlie moment enough repose has been secured for the Avants of the system. This is the only safe and suflieient rule: and as to the question, lioav much sleep any one requires, each must be a rule for himself, great Nature Avill never fail to write it out t o the observer under the regulations just given. A terrible sacrifice of life Avas caused on the 22nd of July, by an explosion of fire-damp and and the succeeding " choke-damp," in the colliery of Messrs. Insole and Co., at Cymnier, 1-1 miles from Cardiff. There Avere 150 men hi the pit; and of these no less than 112 Avere brought out dead on Wednesday morning. The explosion of fire-damp Avas not oi' an extensive character, but it AA-as suilieient to destroy the means of ventilation, and to fill the extensive Avorkings Avith choke-damp, Avhich suffocated those avlio f Avere unable to reach the shaft before they w._**s* overpowered. The dismay caused by this dreadful occurrence ma}' be Avell imagined, as every family in the vicinity of the Avorks is bereaved of some member. In one house are lying five bodies, and of a choir of singers avlio had attained considerable local celebrity, under the name of the " Forth Choir," only one male member is left alive. The Avhole of the male members of a Dissenting chapel close at hand are also numbered among the dead. An inquest has been opened, but adjourned for the attendance of a Government inspector of mine,, The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a baronet in the United Kingdom of deal Britain'and Ireland unto Sir Allan Napier Mac-nab, of Dundurn, iv the county of Went'.vorth, Canada West, Knt., and to the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten. The paralysis under which 'Viscount Hardingo is iioav suffering attacked the whole of his left side, and he has, therefore, become perfectly helpless, having lost his right fore-arm. He is quite sensible, and cheerful under the affliction. A Handsome Nugget.—We learn, on good authority, that a nugget of 203 ozs. 8 ilavl., Avas found at Browns' diggings, on Wednesday last, hy 'Patrick Howard and party, in their drive at v depth of seventy feet.— lS all aura I Star.

The alteration of witness-box and jury-box in the CroAvn Court at Worcester was the object of Mr. Baron Alderson's special objuration,;! few days ago ;he said —" Gentlemen of the jury, if I had a telescope I might see you, and if I had a trumpet I might speak to you; you look as if you Avere congregated together in a cheesetoaster. I. never saw anything so ugly in my life. We shall never have a court properly constructed fill avc try lavo or three architects in courts of their own building, avhere, they can see and bear nothing." Ha it vesting- Conx. —• Reaping, executed seven or eight days before perfect maturity, is, according to Aye 11 informed authorities, decidedly the best epoch to chose. In annual plants, maturity is the greatest, symptom of death. If avc inquire into the phenomena Avhich accompany this annihilation of A'egctaole life, Aye find lavo hypotheses to be admissible : the first, that the life of the plant terminates Avhere it began, namely, at the roots. Noav, if this version is as accurate as it appears to be, it is CA-ident that, the roots being once dead, they can no longer assimilate any nourishment for the stems. The second hypothesis, and that Avhich has the feivest partisans, is, that death commences immediately under the ear. It is, moreover, certain, in this case, that all communication betAveen the grain and the herbaceous parts becomes interrupted. These different considerations, deduced from the soundest theories, Avould be still of little Aveight in favour of the premature cutting of corn crops if practical experience did not confirm its advantages. Thus, as all kinds of corn ripen at nearly the same time, if avc Avail till the straAv becomes dried up, the crops last cut Avill alloAv the grain easily to escape. By commencing the reaping while the stems still contain sap, Aye avoid that inconvenience. It is also to be remarked, that the wheat of a crop cut prematurely contains less bran ; for, AA-hen left too long standing, the pellicle, or skin, becomes thickened at the expense of the nutritive substance in the grain. Finally, the straAv, less exhausted, is better for the feeding of animals ; and avc are not exposed to the annoyance of seeing the ears despoiled of their finest grains, these being the first to ripen, and the first to fall to the ground. The different methods employed for harvesting also experience great variations according to districts and local conditions. Differences Between Mastetis and Operatives.—A massive blue book, just issued contains the report of the select committee appointed to inquire into the expediency of establishing equitable tribunals for the amicable adjustment of differences between masters and workmen. A majority of the Avitnesses examined concur in expressing themselves "in favour of the establishment of boards of arbitration between masters and Avorkmen, but they differ as to the constitution of the proposed boards, and still more as regards their jurisdiction. The existing haw on the subject of arbitration (the act of sth George IV., cap. 96) is examined and found to be nearly inoperative, as hardly anybody resorts to it, and tew are aAvaro of its existence. Three causes are assigned for the failure of this measure: —1, the unwillingness to go before a magistrate; 2, the reluctance to defer to __J_he decision of unknown arbitrators: and, 3, the objection of the workmen to magistrates in manufacturing districts, as they tire generally manufacturers themselA-es. To obviate objections it has been proposed to establish in the various manufacturing districts " Courtsof Conciliation," like the "Couseils de Prud'hoimnes" in France. The committee believe that the formation of such courts in the country, more especially in the large commercial.manufacturing, and mining districts, Avould be beneficial, and suggest the introduction of such a measure as an amendment in the present Arbitration Act, by enabling masters and operatives fo choose referees from their oavii class or calling, equal in number, and presided over by a chaivnian, unconnected Avith either party, to be elected by the referees. The tribunal would be appointed to act for a certain period. These boards of arbitration, on being licensed by the Secretary oi' State. Avould have full poAver to act and decide on all questions of existing contracts. The committee, however, think it Avould be impossible to give these or any other tribunals any power Avhatever of forcibly regulating the rate of wages. Lieutenant-Colonel Sir W. Dennison, Governor of Noav South Wales, and Bear-Admiral Elliot, Governor of Trinidad, have been made Knights Commanders of the Civil Division of the Bath.

Nkav Act on County Courts. —The ucav act to amend the acts relating to the county courts, which recoived the lioyal assent on the prorogation, will come into operation on the Ist of October next, except the provision relating to framing a scale of costs, and making rules and orders of practice and forms of proceedings, which are at once to take effect. There are 86 sections and several schedules. In the latter are the fees to be received, and also the names of the judges to receive £1500 a year —18 at £1500 and 2 at £1.350. An important alteration is made in respect of judgment by default. In cases Avhere the demand does not exceed £'20, the plaintiff may require the defendant to give notice in Avriting of his intention to defend, or otherAvise judgment will goby default Avithout giving any proof of his chum. Where an action of contract is brought in one ofthe superior courts to recover a sum not exceeding £20, and the defendant'in the action suffers judgment by default, tbe plaintiff shall recover no costs unless, upon an application to such court or to a judge, such court or judge shall olhenvise direct. The Lord Chancellor is empowered to appoint five county court judges to frame rules and orders for regulating the practice. Where a judgment does not exceed £20, the judge may order payment by instalments ; in other cases the consent ofthe plaintiff is necessary. The 19th section is of considerable importance. If a judge of a superior court shall be satisfied that a party against Avhom judgment for an amount exceeding £20, exclusive of costs, has been obtained in a countycourt, has no goods or chattels to satisfy the same he may order a Avrit of certiorari to issue to remove the judgment into one of the superior courts, and " Avhen removed it shall haA-e the same force and effect, and the same proceedings may be taken thereon as in the case of a judgment- of such superior court, but no action shall be brought upon such judgment." The salaries of the judges are to be paid out of the Consolidated Fund, and the travelling expenses out of money A-oted by parliament. Despatch.—The rapidity with which books are iioav manufactured is almost incredible. A complete copy of one of Bulwer's novels, published across the Avater in three volumes, and reproduced here in one, Avas sAvept through the press in Ncav York in fifty hours, and offered for sale smoking hot in the streets. The fabulous edifice proposed by a Yankee from Vermont no longer seems an impossibility. f* Build the establishment according to my plan, " said he, " drive a sheep in at one end, and he shall immediately come out at the other door, four quarters of a lamb, a felt hat, a leather apron, and a quarto Bible."— American Correspondent ofthe Daily Press.