THE WEEK'S SUMMARY.

Kaipara and Waitemata Echo, 1 April 1915, Page 3

THE WEEK'S SUMMARY.

FRIDAY Italy Preparing—Austrian Army on Frontier—Successful Air RaidFierce Fighting in Poland The attitude of Italy and the Balkan States is again commanding attention According to a Times correspondent, the Austrians anticipate that Italian intervention is inevitable, the German campaign "to secure. Italy s neutrality having been defeated. It is reported from the Hungarian capital that 400,000 $S|fcro-German troops are waitmpon the Italian frontier. A message from Salonika states that the Italians are placing heavy guns on the Dodekanese Islands, in the Aegean Sea, which Italy occupied during her recent war with Turkey. A seccessful raid on the German submarine base atHoboken, four miles south ot Antwerp, has been executed by British airman irom Dunkirk. Eight bombs were dropped. It is believed that considerable damage was done to the works and two submarines. In the Carpathians the Russians are laying siege to Austrian positions on several heights. Four thousand prisoners ' have been captured, and many machine guns.

SATURDAY Cracow in Danger—Civilians Told to Leave — Important Russian Victory — German Submarine Sunk—Turks Discuss Surrender. The Austrians anticipate a Russian advance on Cracow now that Przemysl has fallen. The military authorities at Cracow have ordered all civilians to leave the city immediatly. A furious battle which has been proceeding in the Eastern Carpathians, between the Lupkou and Uszok Passes, during the past few days, has resulted in an important Russian victory. The Austrian position on the great crest of the Beskid Mountains was carried by assault. On Wednesday, when the retreat began, the Russians took 5700 prisoners. Turkey is threatened -with revolution through the conflict proceeding between the war and peace parties in Comstantinople. At a recent meeting of the Cabinet the majority favoured peace, and proposed to seek the allies' terms for the surrender of the Dardanelles and Constantinople, when the German general, yon Sanders, intervened, and threatened the members with arrest. The Admiralty announces that ib has good reason for believing that the German subamrine U29, one of the latest German submarines, has been sunk with all hands. Highly-placed Roumanians anticipate that Roumania will declare war on the side of the allies this week, and that Bulgaria and Greece will soon tollow suit.

MONDAY Turkey's Peril — German Officers Leaving — Bulgarians on the Frontier — Operations in the Dardanelles —French Success in Alsace. A message from Athens states that the equinoctial gales, which have delayed operations in the Dardanelles, -have now. ceased, and mine-sweeping has been resumed by Ihe allies. Evidence of the desperate nature of Turkey's internal plight is jifforded by the report that itf&W German officers have left Constantinople, including General Yon der Goltz, who was sent as military adviser to the Sultan on Turkey's entry into the war. On the frontier of Turkey in Europe, Bulgaria is reported to be concentrating an army. The French have achieved an important success in Alsace by the capture of the summit of Hartsmanweller Kopp. This hill lies north of Mulhausen and north-east of. Than, and commands the railway, between Colmar and Than. Six French aviators dropped a number of bombs on airship sheds and barracks at Metz and Strassburg. The Russians continue to advance in the Carpathians, despite the stubborn " defence of the Austrians, who have been reinforced. Dutch irritation with Germany has been aggravated by the sinking the Dutch steamer by German submarine, and the Dutch Minister -at Berlin has asked for an * explanation.

TUESDAY Heroic French Assault—The Dardanelles Forts — Bombardment Renewed — War Clamour in South Europe To-day's cable news contains details of the capture of the important position of Hartmansweller Kopp, in South Alsace, by the French. French Alpine Chasiseurs played a brilliant part in the attack, storming the hill in face of a devastating rifle-fire. The British super-Dreadnough Queen Elizabeth has renewed the bombardment of the Dardanelles forts from the Gulf of Saros. The Turkish Government -has issued proclamations in Gonstantiople warning the people that the allied warships will arrive in, the Bosporus shortly, as "the Sultan is to open the Dardanelles for the free passage of foreign warships." The captain of another British steamer reports that he believes he either damaged or sunk the German submarine U27. News from Bulgaria indicates that German influence in Sofia is waning. An explanation of yon der Gdltz's visit to Sofia states that he is commissioned to offer Bulgaria the restoration of the Enos-Micia frontier in return for her neutrality, equivalent to the cession of Adrianople and 15,000 square kilometres of territory by Turkey.

WEDNESDAY Russian Successes — German Offensive Checked —The Attack on Turkey — Russian Fleet Assist — Bombard Bosphorus Forts The German counter-offensive on the East Prussian frontier has been checked by the Russians. A German battalion which attempted to cross a frozen lake was annihilated. In Prasnysz region of North Poland, from which there has been little news lately, fighting continues. The Russian Black Sea fleet on Sunday bombarded, the outer forts and batteries of the Bosphorus. Airmen dropped bombs on the Turkish batteries with effect. Two British steamers have been sunk by German submarines in circumstances of remarkable babarity. The liner Falaba, of 4806 tons, was torpedoed by the U36 in the Bristol Channel before her boats could be launched. The submarine made no effoit to save the crew and passengers, and while the crew of the second vessel, the Aquila, which was torpedoed, were launching the boats, the Germans fired upon them, killing three, including a lady passenger, and wounding several.