Excerpta.

Kaikoura Star, Volume XIV, Issue 762, 7 August 1894, Page 7

Excerpta.

Breeding Dairy Cattle.

Very few farmers in the Colony, says the Taranaki Herald, are in a position to point out the animals in their herds that are returning the greatest profit on the cost of keep. Every one who has had experience with dairy cattle, and who has given the subject consideration, is aware that there is a very great difference, not only in the quantity of milk given bv the various animals, but also in the richness of the product. It verv frequently happens that in noting the yields of his cows the farmer becomes convinced that one animal is paving her way handsomely because she produces a large quantity of milk, while another is unprofitable on account of the small return nt the pail. Where butter is the object the adoption of this means of judging the relative merits of.differeut animals is misleading, and in view of the development of the butter and cheese industry, which will necessitate feeding the cows on fodder foods specially grown for them, some more reliable means of discriminating between the profitable and the unprofitable should be established. The common sense custom of valuing the milk according to the butter fat which it contains is now generally practiced ifi all parts of the world. Here it is as yet known only in connection with milk received at butler factories or creameries, but the time is fast approaching when the system of testing individual cows at the farm with the object of weeding out the unprofitable ones will be generally adopted. From time to time a little grumbling is heard amongst factory suppliers regarding the valuation of their milk, but there is no doubt the chemical test properly conducted is absolutely correct. If the system of testing were pursued on the farm as well as at the factory, the farmer would be io a position to weed out bis unprofitable cows, and thus considerably lessen the cost of production. The cost of keeping a first class animal is no greater than is involved in keeping an inferior one, the food and labor being about equal in each case, but the difficulty very often is to discriminate between them. The factory test- indicates whether the herd is producing rich or inferior milk-, but it does not show which animals are profitable and which are not. This the farmer must find out for himself, and the sooner he sets about it the more profitable he will find dairying. Many tests have been made from time to time in other countries with the object of showing the importance of both breed and feed in the management of a dairy, but aggregate results are often misleading. The return from each animal requires to be known, and the most simple way of arriving at this is by using the chemical test which indicates the percentage of butter fat in the milk. It will pay the owner of any dairy herd to provide himself with the means of testing the milk of his cows, and another advantage will be, he can check the returns furnished by the factory.

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