Useful References

Horowhenua Chronicle, 30 September 1910, Page 1

Useful References

FOR TRAVELLERS AND TAY-AT-HOME PEOPLE.

Steamers leave Wellington for Christenurch practically every evening in the week. Afternoon trains from Levin connect with them. Tliere are frequent trips to ports further south, such as Dnnedin and The Bluff. Steamers leave Wellington for Sydney direct on Friday of every week, and anyone who finds that day inconvenient may get to Sydney from Auckland, whence a steamer leaves every Monday, after having voyaged up from Wellington via Napier and Gisborne. The inward steamers from Sydney to Wellington go on to southern ports, and from The Bluff they steam up to Melbourne and later on to Sydney. As a means of enabling the sender of a letter addressed to a place abroad to prepay tho postage on a reply, the. Department issues reply coupons on payment of a fee of Id. These coupons may he exchanged for a postage stamp of the value of 2id in any country which adopts tho scheme. New Zealand's population, including that of the Cook Islands and other dependencies, is now well over one million. Tn June. 1908. tho estimated population of London was 4,795,757. The rateable value of property in England'and Wales has risen each year since 1874. The figures are as follows :— Tn 1874, £115,645.631. Tn 1888, £145.527,944. Tn 1894, £161.139,575. Tn 1908, £212, 757, 450. Tho total rateable value in 1874 represents an average of 17s t 6d per head of population, while in 1908 the average was £6 per head. Peoplo are puzzled to know what is meant by occasional references, in discussions on naval armaments, to the German Naval Law. The German Navy Law of 1907 provides for the laving down in each year from 1908' to 1911 of three battleships and one armoured cruiser; also in each vear from 1912 to 1917 of one battleship and one armoured cruiser: also in each year from 1908 to 1917 of two protected cruisers and one destroyer.

New Zealand's public debt at 31st March, mif), amounted to £70,938531. the increase for the twelve months immediately preceding havinjr been €1.181.037. Of this nmonnt £1.200,000 was raised bv wav of public works. £1.048,800 'under tho Advances to Settlers and Workers Act. and £1.000.000 under the Wellington and Manawatu Railwav Purchase Act. £250.000 was raised under thp Loins to Local Bodies Act, and £211.405 under the Land for Settlements Act.

Great Britain's National Debt, on 31st March, 1909. stood at £751,121309, being a decrease of £5,/04,742 bv comparison with the figures for the year immedliately preceding. Against this were set down assets totalling £37.160,000, the principal item being the estimated market value of the Suez Canal shares owned by Groat Britain (£32,000,000). AGE OF HORSES AS SHWN BY THETR TEETH. A foail of six months has six grinders in each jaw, throe on each side: also six nippers of front teeth, with a cavity in each. At the age of one year, ho loses the first milk trrinders above and below, and front teeth have their cavities filled up alike to teeth of horses of eight years of age. At age of two and a half to three years, he casts his two front uppers, and in a short time after the two next. At age of four years, grinders are six upon each, side, and at ■about four and a-half his nippers are all permanent ones; by the replacing of remaining two corner teeth ; tushes then appear, and he is no longer a colt Ait five a horse has tushes, and there is a black-coloured cavity in centre of all his lower nippers. At six this black cavity is obliterated in the two front lower nippers. At seven the cavities of the next two are filled up and tushes blunted ; and at eight the cavities of the two corner teeth are filled up. Horse may now be said to be aged. Cavities in nippers of upper jaw are not obliterated until the horse is about ten years old, after which tushes become round, and nippers project and change their surface. TO ASCERTAIN THUS WEIGHT OP CATTLE. Take the measurement of the girth where it is smallest (close behind the shoulder) and tho length of the animal frora the front of the shoulder to the junction of the ■tail. Multiply thhe square of the girth in feet and inches by the length in feet, and multiply the product by .23, .24, .26, .28, or .30, according to the fatness of the animal, and 'the result will give the weight in imperial stones. For instance, if tho girth of an animal in moderate conoitioin be 6ft, the length sftr 4in, then 6 x 6—36 x 51-3—192 x .24—47.08 stones. The foregoing is the carcase weight of ■the animal. The weight of the carcase would be about fof the live weight for cattle; for sheep, from 1-3 to f; and for a pig, from J to f the live weight.