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Hawke's Bay Times, Volume 14, Issue 745, 20 December 1869, Page 4

Deep Ploughing should be done (Gradually. —A correspondent, who has pne of the finest and most productive farms jn Western New York, which he keeps in a high state of fertility by thorough culti ration and the growth of clover, makes the following sensible remarks in regard to deep ploughing:—"A sudden bringing up to the surface of many inches of heavy clay that h&s never been punctured by the roots pf plants, and this too in the spring of the year, would probably injure the first crop. Clay subsoils are best brought to the surface two or three inches at a time, and that in the fall, so that the frosts of winter may mellow them down. The next spring, plough say twice as many inches deep a& the clay subsoil is thick. This will mix things up so that even a crop of corn would be much improved by the deep fall ploughing. If we had the power and tools necessary to go on with this process of bringing up the subsoil to, and mixing ii with the surface soil until we had one foot pr more of soil, we could run a subsoil plough two feet deep, and so break the clay tQ a depth of three feet, the clover roots would have a ohance to bring to the surface the fertility that now lies dormant under the surface of our lands. This is the theory that I have constructed on the experience of a lifetime as a farmer, and I have no doubt of its applicability on our lands here. I do npt think it would do on all lands, but it is practicable here, or $t least will be when we get the steam plough that can do the subsoiling for us. Jn the meantime we are doing the best we can in the direction I have indicated." Pboposed " New Zealand Republic." . £_ ]y[r Allan, of Green Island, near Punpdin, has read a paper on the form of government niost conducive to the good of New Zealand in the event of a severance pf its connection with the mother country. Jle advocated the formation of the colony jnto a republic, the President of which should possess the same functions as those possessed by the President of the United {States. Mr Allan referred to the great improbability of a small and inoffensive {State, such as the proposed New Zealand Jiepublip, being attapked by any large power. Otje Australian neighbors generally set Us good examples, which we are extremely glow to follow. An* agitation has been going on for some time among them to Abrogate the postage on newspapers, which js likely to be successful ; and we now Jearp that the Yipturjan Qovernnient has gdppted ft uniform telegraphic tariff of one ghilliflg per message pf tpn wprds, Cannot p«r government afford to work their lines m ekeanty a§ the Yicteri&n. ?