THE UNITED STATES.

Hawke's Bay Times, Volume 7, Issue 368, 16 April 1866, Page 1

THE UNITED STATES.

(From, the Times’ American Corresyoudsut.) Concluded. Philadelphia, 12th January. As Secretary M'Culloch is an earnest sup* pur-tor of the President, some of the Kadical 3 Lave determined to oppose his plan for fund* ing the debt and withdrawing the legal tenders. It seems very hard that a Government officer who has proposed a plan for cxtrica ting the United States from her financial difficulties which challenges the admiration of the world should have his movements fettered by disguised .opposition on account of Lis abstract notions upon matters Laving no connection with lir.ance ; yet so it is. The Radicals are insane upon one i lea, and if necessary would plunge the country into a financial revulsion to enforce it. The Secretary of the Treasury has already met covert opposition to bis plan; for the cunning tricksters have recommitted his bill recently introduced in the House, and no one knows when it will be reported. There is already a great stir throughout the country, because the introduction of the bill lias reduced the gold premium and unsettled prices, and the Secretary will have much trouble before he succeeds in having it made Jaw. The money and oilier markets are unsettled, ami people are. getting afraid, and the enemies of the bill ate diligently labouring to increase the clamoui’. Yet tire Secretary is strongly supported, The great organs both of the protective tariff and free-trade parties endorsing Lis bill, and promising the most hearty support. It will be idle, however, to anticipate its passage at an early day, for every Par liameutury means will be resorted to for delay.

T’he Fenian battle in New York continues in full blast, ami all the phrases in the English language, ami many more out of it, are employed Ly the rival fad ions in .berating each other. Tho summary dismissal of Sweeney,' the Secretary of. War, from the United Slates’ army, came upon them like a thunder-clap from a clear sky. - The illustrious strategist was “on tire fence,” and each faction hud an idea that he would jump down on their side, ami he-was ■ therefore the admired of all beholders. So he rustled his feathers and cackled with, intense delight, until the, unlucky shot stiucl: him and set the whole flock aghast. Poor Sweeney had scarcely fallen, however, when the Fenian Congress set upon him, and, turning him out of office, showed how -ungrateful even Irismen and “ Brotherhoods ” can be. The once superb War Secretary is now a citizen, and full private in the Fenian army. This week Eew Yoik, whkh has often smiled before at Fenian antics, has laughed with intense gusto. The Congress has exceeded itself in absurdity. It ordered investigations of all the doings not only of the Mahoney branch of the Fenians, but of the Senate branch. The Senate refused to answer, and voted the Congress a set of imposters. The jDpugress- impeached the Senate, and imme-

diately resolved itself into a court-martial (justice in the Irish Republic is very speedy) to try the culprits. They refused to appear, and the trial went on without them. A delegate with the heroic name of Gaffney, anxious to become a martyr, offered himself as counsel for the absent Senate. A witness was examined, hut before Jive questions hail been asked the eminent counsellor Gaffney which something that the Congressional court-martial did not approve, and a motion was made to eject him from the hall. A scene of terrific disorder ensued, and by unanimous consent the august Congress of the Irish Republic resolved itself into a furious fist fight, which was only ended by an adjournment. The next day the court-martial concluded the case without the assistance of Gaffney, who maintained a “ masterly inactivity. 53 and convicted the Senate of perfidy.” The Senate, however, not recognising their guilt, Still defied the Congress, and the question with the latter was how to get rid of them. To Hibernian minds, however, expedients quickly present themselves. Some one sug gested that the Senate might be abolished, ami the Congress, jumping at the proposition, repealed the entire Constitution adopted at the Philadelphia Convention of Tenia ns last autumn, thus doing away with the President, Senate, and House of Delegates, and in their place restored the old system of a Head Centro with a Cabinet of five officers. So die “ Irish Republic” is again turned inside out, and the OMahony being chosen Head Centres by the Congress is presumed to rule in lire old style. The Senate, however, deiy him, and still keep up their own organisation, although the Congress has expelled all of them from the Brotherhood. During the trial the financial Budget of the o‘Mahor.y branch was produced before the Congress, and it shows that lonian is m. however dreamy, is a good paying institution for some one. Prom October 31, ISd.'i, io January 9 the receipts were 147,819 dels. 31c., and the balance now on hand is 31,099 dots. 53c. Among the items of expenditure were the following: —

The Senate refuse to make any report of receipts ami expenditure, whereupon o‘lJahony’s “ Secretary of the Treasury.” B. Doran Killian, announced that the Senate were ashamed to make any exhibit their receipts since the first fracas having been but 750 dels, and their expenditure 150 dels. This provoked the ire of the Senate, am! produced a diplomatic correspondence, of which the following “note” from Roberts, the Senate President, deserves to be embalmed in history:— To the Membees or the Fenian Beotheehood. Fellow-couni rymen and Brothers,—l pronounce the address of B. Doran Killian (assumed secretary of the Treasury) the most infamous tissue of falsehoods ever penned, lam preparing a reply to it foe the Fenian Brotherhood, giving facts and documents, proving its falsity, and I hope to hare time lo complete it by to-morrow or next day. Biothers, beware! The man who can lie so infamously can do worse. Look out for D’Arcy M'Gee’s confederate. He means either to rob the Brotherhood or to disrupt and disgrace us. Yours fraternally, W. B. Bobehts, President, F.B. This “ fraternal ” note should be a model for diplomatists in all coming ages, as also should be a model fur historians a despatch published here announcing a Fenian “ buttle and victory” in Ireland, which as it may be news to Englishmen,! quote. The despatch was sent all over the country from Kew York.— • Kew York, Jan. 9. It is reported that a banking house in this oily has received a despatch from Ireland stating that a force of constabulary had gone to a point near Killarney, county Kerry, to suppress Fenian drilling. They were repulsed, but being reinforced by two companies of military, rallied. The Fenians were meanwhile also reinforced, and again repulsed their assailants. There is possibly some truth iu the.story, its circumstantial manner being in its favour. " • I,?

The eminent o‘Mahouey, seeing this report in a New York paper, rushed with it into the Congress, and in great excitement told them it should unite us as one mau, and make throb cur hearts and souls now with the cause of Ireland.” The Congress threw up their hats and behaved in the usual Irish fashion, but people outside searched the new.-papers day after day as steamers came in with European news, but found not a word of the Irish battle, and for fear the ■gentlemen in Liverpool who make up the news budgets for the steamers have not yet heard of it, I lose no time in sending the despatch lor (heir education. One other reui of interest has appeared. The entice sale of Fenian bonds, has brought into the treasury but GO dais. Feuiau credit is shockingly lad.

Very little of interest abroad Ins been done in Congress this week. Several of the large Appropriation Bills have been laid on the table of the House, and there have been inumerablo resolutions calling fur inf.-rination-upon the Mexican question. The chief discussion lias been bad upon a Bill to introduce negro suffrage in tine districtofColtunbia. The Budicals wished to permit every male negro to vote, but the Conservative Bopuhiicans opposed such unlimited suffrage, and have succeeded in securing an amendment providing that t!<e negro shall be able to read and wt i'.e the English language before lie can deposit Ins vote. The Bill lias not been passed, however, and will no doubt be modified in many ways before it. becomes a law. The opposition of the white voters of the district to tiie negro sufl'.ige is intense and universal. The various bounty and pension Bib now before Congress, which are urged with ali the enormous lobby influence so potent in American Legislative Assemble s, appropriate the immense amount of 634 000,000, enough to bankrupt the country if the Bills are passed. Ti.c President Ims transmitted to Congress this week much diplomatic correspondence upon Mexican questions, the general drift of which is that the United States’Government persists in refusing to recognise Maximilian's empire, the last request to do so being flatly refused on December 16. The correspondence shows that the Emperor of the Drench asks this recognition as the only guarantee he will in quire to withdraw the French troops from Mexico ; and the converse of the position necessarily is that if Maximilian is net recognised by the United States the Drench troops will not be withdrawn although the United Stales refuses t’ds guarantee, however, on paper, it has virtually given it by its conduct. Orders lave been sent to the Bio Grande to muster out of service all the United States’ troops but three regiments, and instructing the military commander in that quarter to maintain the strictest neutrality. This withdraws from Bio Grande about 12,000 men. The Juarez GovernGovernment is, therefore, to have no assistance from the United States, and if the intelligence we receive from New Orleans be correct —that Juarez and General Ncgvete, driven out of Ciiihual.ua, had fled to Texas, arriving at San Antonio on the Ist cf January —it would seem that the fortunes of the Mexican Bepublic. are so completely broken that assistance now would be of no avail. Events have thus happily settled that we aie to have peace, even on the Mexican question. So far as England is concerned, the latest published correspondence on the Alabama claims and the Shenandoah question between Lord Clarendon and Mr Adam’s has been received Lera in instilments. Wishing to maintain peace, the people do not care wiiat disposition is made of these vexed questions, and they would gladly drop ail past differences to secure future commercial prosperity between the two countries. A few editors, at a, loss for subjects for editorial comment, ami a few politicians, anxious for notoriety, are now the only Americans who wish to continue the discussions. General Sherman, whose eminently good sense upcu other questions has been repeatedly praised in England, lias written a letter to a friend in Ciucinuuti, advising not only that we shall forget past differences with England, but also unit the strictest neutrality shall be maintained with reference to Mexico. lie says be has the deepest anxiety for lasting peace with all the world, s

Not only on the Bio Grande are troopg being mustered out, but all over the South, In spite of Congressional advice to the contrary, the President is determined to have bis own way, and has just promulgated an order, mustering cut twenty-three regiments staled in various Southern cities. The President has almost completely drained the South of negro troops, and before a month will have turned every one of them out of service. 'I he Badicals gnash their teeth at this deft int opposition to (heir Congressional resolves, l»t they are powerless, Secretary lU’Cnlloch desires to cut down expenses; General Grant thinks the number of troops ithe South more than is necessary, and the dismi.suh continue. No Radical military c fiber darts to complain, or he will find himself mustered out like the rest. The people approve, and that is ail the President whites. Tire Freedmen’s Bureau in Georgia, profiting by hist year’s experience, has issued orders that the negroes, when sufficient wages are offered, shall make contracts for labor, and when made the Bureau will compel the blacks to work. This course, which ;s to be adopted throughout the South, it is hoped will assist materially in getting the lands again under cultivation. The -Secretary of the Treasury has directed (he Collector of Customs at New York to admit free of duty a!! invoices coming to this country from the Birmingham Association for the relief of American Freedmen. Several valuable invoices have already arrived. An important agreement lias been executed between the Philadelphia and Beading Railroad Company, and the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad Company, and its connections, for the purposed of cs ablishing, independently of the Pennsylvania Central Kailroad a through route of 4ft Sin gauge rail way from Philadelphia to Cincinnati and tha West. Within four yea s the Atlantic and Great, Western Company is to build .various roads necessary to connect it with the Beading Company. By the agreement the Heading Company retains the control of the anthracite cad trade, of Pennsylvania, and has the power to fix the freight charges upon ad merchandise carried between Philadelphia and the Western Suites—-the condition being that these charges are never to bo greater than the charges upon merchandise carried between Now York and the West, but may be as much lower as the Beading Company shall see tit. This agreement, it is said, will be of groat advantage to Philadelphia. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company, fearing that its business, will be injured, has, however, applied to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania to annul a lease made by the Gauuvissa Railroad to the Atlantic and Great Western Company a few weeks since. If the Catawissa lease is annulled the above agreement will be of little u;?, as the Catawissa road connects the Atlantic and Great Western and the Philadelphia ami Beading. A negro disturbance is reported from Louisiana. A body of negroes on the Bed river rose and attempted to murder their overseers, but, being unsuccessful, they marched to a well-defended place near the river and awaited aid from the negroes from the surrounding country. Here the military attacked and defeated them, ami it was afterwards discovered that a widespread insurrection was intended. The plantations in the neigh borhoed beirgsearched arms in great quantities wore discovered ; but the country tiffing now well guarded, no further trouble is anticipated. There are again rumours of Cabinet changes impending, but nothing is accurately known. It is saki that the President will probably retain but two of his present advisers, Secretary M'Culloch and PostmasterCn Herat Dennison, and that Seward, Stanton, Welles, Harlan, uud Speed will resign in a very short time.

For Envoys Tola. ... G2.597 c. ■1} Expenses of licad-quaiters ... 27.S30 Purchase of gold ... ... G2S 6 Preparing bonds 51.1 30 Secret service ... ... 470 0 Organising ... 1,692 09 Salaries ... 2.49G 39 Paid one refugee ... S70 70