PROQRESSIV£ DAIRYING

Dominion, Volume 5, Issue 1473, 22 June 1912, Page 13

PROGRESSIVE DAIRYING

IDEAS OF A FACTORY MANAGER. AN INTERK-STING SUKVIOi', .During tlie. coursq-of ;tlie Waikato AVjntc'i- Shp'u;, .an -interesting- paper was read bv M;. W. C. I'ix.on, manager es the T.h'&i.nes Vallpy -Co-op. Drtify Cor, Lt'd.j :p'n pfogfessivo dairying. 31'r. JJiscn said

f " 11: introducing this subject- 1 wish to ! briefly take.' yo.ii -back. Soiiie. I wonty-iive I years or so (o the, iiiii'iiil. stages, ol this j industry, »h:c'i p'lays such an i.lll- - iiortaiit itni't iii t'hp eoii'inie.rqe. pi' b.u.r jSHj iuinipn. Tliosß V\'e.i;.o the. days of s.niajl ■bcgi'iioiiigs, vv-h'en a. new pra had; dawned. ' pritic.ipaUy by the great pas-itiiliiies prej seiited by : ■pi'tVeticiilly iWp inech.ali.fcal. in- | veuliu-ns, which have bten of ineali-u'iable '. be'ielit 'ever si.n.ce,- i vefer to the i-ieani seiiara'tov and. refrfgeratiiiij- iriapliifie., :In j. file former wlis pre.-ented a.means whereI by ti'ie cream of. to-day iva's. ready io. ho ! cotivorled into baiier io-:uoriow, aiid that I ill -ii. uiore exhaustive .olid cieaiily Jiiaifiicr th.an 'aiiherto attainable. liov,- i'r.r- ---■ reachipg was this, change, when we. cpn,si(i:'r the advafftaje of .being' able to rctuin (lie skinnneil nii'k for feeding calves and pigs within a few .hours, aite.rvit had ', been dV'asv.it f.r.dra. tjie .cpw.s, * is c.oinparcd'. with (lie necesgar.y expeiisp, iif; feeding !!iem with new iodic for months, the skim milk of the pan-sclting sysjßiii being t-icjl'lly- useless, at; a.iiy ris.te: fpr. saly.es,: - ovdng tp its' ;sc-ur and tainled eohdition; .

"'Bi.i.t at this stagb, of tnir . progress; while moans wei'.e at hand for greatly iniprnving the q'|ftiiity of i!>o butter produced (lit. th.at tinie- for, io.cal. rcf|iiii'c ; ' ine 11.1 ; s 'piiiy'} the t'i.uestion; -.arose . .in... t!ie ; lnijuls of a few, \-.haft' 'Ji.nq.vi-.VoclgQ/'pE what had been 'done..i;a; :.tlie- o.hici; iVaify.iiig countries, of (he possibilities Ciiei-e ■ -were'..presented: fiji- work: 11 g oil. co-n.bi nation Ijy forming co ; pneraf,i.'v.i! coinpaiu'es to e.-U'.i>:is!i laciorii'S aiid caaineiio .is ie'eders (hereto, to treat the nii'k in a busiiic'ssliko -maiiiieiii anil by. .'in'stallihg ■sii.'i fable' lnac'riaery ia the central factories io handle t.lio. cr-jain . iii lai'ge t|iiaht.i(ies, and thus make a'liniforni article. Supply and demand are

. 0 , fa.qtpr.s irf. : ail .cOmniSreinT undertakings,. and it. \yj\s vei'y .se.on. aippar.cnt tluit- ivifli' flse prpgre.s's o'f, Jli'i's ii'ttUstry. outside- 1 inarkcts : \vpti.lil ;bp necessary its au ; outlet for ■ tlio e'ver-lhcl-eatiris ffuai.Ui'tj iSeiiig inacie.

Beginning of the Export' Trade. ' X.oy,- this j s v.iierc t'ne though;, .oc■ciirrgd of the fafititics offered Vjy i'lie 1 vOcuiid fiiientioii.; local rrfiuireiiieiits 11c ■ ■lange'r were, tiie limit of busiiiegs nperalions v. !io:> the butter ec.ahj 'bp liiainviiined. 111 .a. goad condition for .;nioiit.hsby it» beir.g ..shipped in refrigfraled jpa.ces. oiv «oaril slii;p: to the toiidoii. iiiarK ' c! - 111 dtie - coufse. fnitial .fchip.nicn.fo were inade to i|- t . London market, and n.;'Jur;il,v' there: were co'mpih'in't'S.of. :irreand di freiencies. We had ye! jo learn Ijy pr.actfeir extierit-ncit the inany safeguard-: i-ere.-.-ary to e.-!abii>h oiir positi'oi'i, in Hie Englisii inarket. piii t'h.is:'pxp'ort business ou a.. bet-. ; ei " -'dolI !)g legislation w:is onacted .in.;i'l>ln ? c o. !|! !!'iispt'J" tb lia'ss rill- (Niiry'ing: ■jiroducts ih.vo.ugli pi:6;ie.rly controlled.'coot Stards; lor the pniia:.-': of liiseriiainaling lieiW.eLj" the Varipiis ■r|'iia;ii'ties of ]>rtjdiic;p iOTWiird, and niarkeiing Va'n've' aeconluuly, jo .iiispirg coaiidiixe wifli the I)U.V ; ij:rs. at Ih/q jVoiuipji ei.id,'■shftwing, piii;' desire to earn a reputalbn for higli. <l:: 1.:i. \i this tinio, although tips' pro/gi'PSS: iva« very latiid. uc siil! had to teiru linan.v l'e-yo:.is for.the inipi'avenienfi •e.t l.r.vu jinnshei!: artjeie-^i^uipiaini's... of' va.i'ieiß ki.iui? eaiifed. o:nr '(flovei'ilinen!;; {;> ~r' v:i( ' '-'I 1 diiiival Iroute to iiiqiiire' 1 IV-f'.O' fJl(> if(li.Cf. .A' I. SO'Mlliny v;as^ applied ;<i iuea.tiv I'lie.ve .e'ai'i=es'; : . ■ flip cdlWi'iKiits y-i iiitl.t';. jirntVirftioii (SijiVe fin-' (ltd- siHSeif! aires,, | ii : at i;lid ■Iran:)-:■ nf dairy .•>:kcW-, wi'i:;v' abdtil ihi-. I'i'tu.e ,| jiy C.iye!:.!lilt:!fi ? li!.l:vi'K'j(l-S ()f HI;1 ji.l(>'l- M.l.'i? . iVP.IH. 1 ' iii'r 'ij'i.ijt.ied iiliiii;, ai.n.l ihi«;;a'.;ter.i!iiie ut thi' rett'i;;<'! .»(;iii;r ph. ij.Da.Vd- slnp.. even eapt:- iyii.liiji; ;.|u. ffdpv 0): reliu-iiiaide

",\l. Vlii.s ri'iiio ; i;.i|iiiii'i.'n(; iif' oroiini yn\-i Infipi- ov 1i;~s iii' ,;i .viiili,li'i.i> : ri-|;;ii' : .y 'nilt-jWe; 1.1i.0 R'on.'vsl ti)nr>p ijoiifi to: leave tOi'o CH'itni lit aillfoiinjtiy .(?iiv|mia;tiircj(i ii.id ! n'e:o soli'-ftMifiji;: properties, ■anil also Ity riijf a or sllvrtiill; acidity by meaiv- a' ;i, .sinii'.lf <j:irtni:ty cf iiie juevih-.i- iliivV ! uo not nn'on In iiiv tjiiii-. no liii'ttni: b» these means. but rather that 'llipvti

was such a variableness in the general .. ll l ' .due tuiib' 'd'iie- of o'lir (l;iiiT commHsioners improved 011 this' method ititroducing a system prevalent in V.aiMua ;a.nd. elscwlrero' .<S( pr.e'p.ariiig cill--"'res !or i.reaiU' np;uiin'.-, which ft wa< ctainieii wbiim gi v<l vast improvement compared y.'ith' the hitliertp hTeiitioiled liiactiec. This ■'iii.iva.V\atioti.'ceiUaiiilv lifted' ine aveiag.: i|iiali(y (0 a higher p'iv.no of merit ami' to tliiir.day the '.svstcin" his m'odiiied, or .1 .should jay ■iluprovgii, through -incaiiis of lia'iv being able ;ta more edeftively control its aciioii on xiil* creaiii.

Inirodutiiig .Artificial /-Mie geifera.l iliti'rilluctipn of laflificiat reingeratio.n info, .our '.dairy, factories as a' .liiqa.ns' pf ■eoiitiTil.liiig: ■(emperatufe wits another prpgroSsivo- step, in that, by beinj : enabie!l to., cool. 0111: ci:eam .to a l-aivei: ■toiiipofatm.'o-i. there' was less loss' in -the by-products, .and ,f(t the same time .ah nojiroved body in.pur butter. Herd again 'S .fUrHii r ;.(..estiiiioiiy of almost 'iiieale'ul--i-.l>!« v.e.iue -of the- .second, invention previously -referred tp ;i Verily tlie;. sheep, and dairy fanners of this l)oiiii.!iipn\ firemore indebted tb'-.-the' aiifhpr of" refrigerati.oii in niechauica'l foriii, ;thaii .afiy' .iais ''-UPii'iiclv. as -pin l London(lliirKct be.ifig- f;;'.r.. i .renipyc'd, .necessitated ■such .fraiisit- facilities, jis. enabled' \\'s : :to ; loainTmn our products'in (he .bof'.possible condition; fill.arrival at .th'ei.r ; destination.

"put to proceed, tho a'c'mc of niahufactifring.; ;pr.ocesse.i was!'. yet. ; . .'cpiisider'ably aln.'ad oi us, ' as methods iul»pted : insuclf; Spjin'trip's.,fas: : De'n'm.ark. -alicl ; -'C'atiriti'a ■' periodically revealed. . As an in'-tauce, ■the. nlliali.. tpst '.iV'as .tli%" hieans: ;wliereby! v.e were e'lir-<>!r<i to. detr-nnine tho exact: quanuly : of acidity iii' the cfpa'in'.- M'tiis - siiinde- jiroecs.;, 1. veniiire to Siiy-, ha~. improv'ed. /genei-'nl; ou'al.i.ty p£->:,oiip;b'ii.tter ; • 0 a -gri'iiie> pxteiii: tnail we give it credit' 1 for, and. evoit t-.t tiie -pri'sent -tinitf in ■1 .lviiiiibiv of ciiscs.'l' l'ear it i« not given (hat importance lliat it should .havo in* 'o'ijr .daily.'.'pfaclti.ee, "Ai'.iit'u'r pragre-sive siep :was':-ontered;i upmi after considerable diseyissi'on for and agaiiKi. viz.,.. ihe. scrapping of iiio box churn, .v hi<dl was superseiied I>>; ■'(.hp.; cpiii b'i 11 e<l- : "churn: ,;Md: '.Even ■ niter' f lii.s; :iii in')vafioii : ;:ha(l become- fairly ~ .general, '.it was -looked upon as a not u'niiiixed;;ble^sii!g,l:-iit;tl\e::neCess:ary-ia'iOW-ledge ofhow it: :viif; these . churns- was.: e l yintu''aJ.iy;'.aVq'u'iVedi and (d-day they are . as (0 ;a' co!>idi;rablo; degree, aiid also ena'jling nipi'eui6i , st ; vi;r<y^'td : .;l)e..rec,di.!y:ihcorpoi:oied. ill oii'r butter, which' hitherto,, owing '-.!aiv iis dry natiire. was lending ilself .lo tho n-iles and arts of the English butter ftikor. '■;! 'iVi'; '■ Pnsteur isition ,: '.'Tii our Dairy Coiimiission.er is' diip. p.ur t.haiilK'jfptf'his;, .lidvocacy.- ot; thesystem of p-.isteurisAfioiu Tho' -indnitry : h;i\-i 61 ; 'sfi <[ imcnsioii's, fhoi;d: has been a . downward tendency, in (he. pos ;factpi;iS ;fi ojii'-: vh'ri pus. ..-cdiises, ~ 'oiici ! 111 which iio- doubt .'ii:'ns: .'.thtf : ling' '-of ' iargc!'' ..ri'iiantities. '.bit. ithb farm, admitting occa.-ior.sftr'lessYigilahts'sitpifi vi.-ioii. This 1 in all imder--1 taUi'.ijs ..of. : rapid'- growth, and to check' the elt'ect' ;pii ; ,;;thc:...'iTesulta i iitf;.;.; .tho .sy-teiu' referred to .for' the ..ireatr

J?'ifill of cream intended .for ■butter-' 1 1 iVia.ki'iig. jya'S: entered upon .a$ means of derii-oving the injurious. effects 1 liavo ;! ivlVi'ied. 'to. . The . resiilt 'of this further tlfdrt.' has. most' certainly bc«n" a vise one. ami I question if liny:factory would think ot retracing it-- steps after. ctmdtiU- ': h;g this method ovor an extended trial; aiiq. -iilhivy' btliler riiiovca. of 'Kiss inipprfaifcei that 1. have not touched lit' tiiis brief ■ -.retrqs|>eclV. ,; and .ton will .!' tidto that I have directed your thought | to ihal : part of the .industry dealing \vitls. I l;u'ter : tnaking generally, becausp the ad- : I v;u.;eo ; lias: -l).ccii . ; ]noi'o: ..m\'ii'kGU. .oiving ; ib tlio niinier.ous .rotchaiiiciul'-yappliances,' 1 which have, largely '.'assisted iits'progress.

The Cheese Industry. The chctse ihiluss.ry' was' "nWortiieless; progressive., and litis -shown a ijencral advance in liiaiVv whys, its maiii principles o! mamifaet.m-e a'ro jmseli tlio

same, .as -when iiuhistiy was younj. wlycir'tlic'.., idea.3' of/ Yoanufactuio. ;as;„a'p-'-plied to' dair.v factories' wcro iiilroduceil liy praclieal. cheese siia'ceis lr'ailitis ifronv : V:\ivUv.:'qf'.Uie 'iVped,' sjisiein.'" of licir.e tfie. less, ■.ge.iierall sctind priiieiplca.

TliC 'introcluction .■.starters' as' iii Tmttor-' lia.H buin licinficip.), the alkaline ir?t ior. iieul 1)0111!; ■.also 1 of prcat use, o'liiVbliiipr a iii-ttor c;nitro)'. in/(Wc<>vcrii!sr tho ni' ai-'tlify.. Another ailwmcu km j InhT.dnceil in.:t!i('..\vay.of. ;i imM tt<?-t, which' jircivWl :i n.-cfnl dp'rofivf of bail r|;jini!.i.t:ip-) j'li.: jnilk'.. iiit<*n<l csi for pji'pesp"- : J'ti. h k it's p.: .:i iVilroil v it i> (if. /fjei for ril-scTivj c"r>T apjm'ivWl ;ipr.!uineo>j wero iu'irodufod sfofi■ the Mier :i,-)j:()!i::!f of ami milHnir of tlio i;M.i:il', .itilen a. .'liiocjiaiiipailV cTi-:iy.oh -s\".stt-iii .(if milk a''<ifo(inn.' Tho pasioiiri'aii'on w!i> : y ami fho lilto troatme'.it of. M;im ■iiiiikv 111 Miilioi;;■<m":'fhcSior.ir;.^,.ilihs 1 Sij;'!).;>('■ tlii- oaiv :lio ap>, jiiiiit. to liy-|i'.c(l:ii't« v. ii 1: b'oni'lioial sit.i wijon'■t.jff'FV 'svs 'top tlio! liriiiiij; <i.f >l(K'l;. ■ ..' :■ VV-i.n.ici' ,3liow.s'. \Vo .('.ail iioiilt in, jjiii 1 inaiignratigit :c\\ AvJiit,eV-- ':f u ■to be- o'\:(.ir.l.'ot)i:e'il' lii j i ho. iiifp-ioV i11 ir pj.' ..iiiir i'iii'i'.-o amHjiiUVK .the libera! prizes t'hni juvy'o' booii: oiYeml to tlio makers ei' t'lio i!V.-|-.<fti\Y al'l iVil'i yrinncctf!! witir -i'|fQ'.-o vaiYon? sho-vs having been an I .ftiili'vo tp':; sjwr ono en to Wtt'r-r result?. | Tlio coafMcacc!: also usually attached

. these Jdsows. have. enabled hiany. a helpful paper and di?c.m:sipu on subjects gci'Vaiiiiiig: thereto, (a leave, a hitting- lienc-

Producing the Raw Material. J would inw dircct ypur attention to (lie. prod act'on .'of ' j'of; • vo '' 1; remember tin. slays of. milking when t lie. industry wes youngr-milking licrus .ot oiio ;hi|ml.red ? : cows'- fir tlia*' ItHlay arc commpn. wcro the gr<at exv : .ccp.(iq'iv.. Tlio ! .facilities /of*'*attcnilihg-ito ;sifclf. a., nuiriber were ot: a kiiid-\l,al'no «;(ii'yiiiau cQuid.;reaM)riably lio])b,:to;,l!iaus E> v .,tiieiii, bntjtiia-ilf'iViaud';forvincreasecl' nUtiiiti .of .itiilk. .pavcil-' tho ■'way.. forSiv ; incr.easo. yi.'thjj.siie^of;Jnvidiyual •'V' Vf!weial!y_ was this increase aecelerafed by ihe ihtniduction of machine l.uiik)]H',"Avliich' .iiot 7 onl,vV ( ; iiablptl : larger numliers of cows'tb. bo milked, but also placed . (lid orm-r in a. ixi-iliw'v of indepetidctic;' just .at a tinu. when difficulty :"i c PssiilT'UiaiiU'Miiilkers;svas : begniuiiig .to:. ;i oiic./'V :':/:* ;

; . ni )£ f?o' 'if to.dtfai 15 : .0f. : the 'various other minor appliances, of use to the. SS'W-Y,'. 11 ?'!.•J.ii,.;the'- iwayxdf./ihelping him to niilk :to : - better:. advantage;:-; as we know of-, quite. .1 large, number who have- benefited"by (lie ,us« of ,those;We ruM ? I'tK'r to. ,1 larger, number of dairymen- who;-: 1 have' recognised tho,necessity; of up-to-date milking sheds, with 'Military sunoundiri!:s, ;uid ;.g6od ■ acocss -thoyetp..: yAyo still;-;;'however,? .have many 'jfojcA jrositioitita improve their :incthod.s .-.handliiipf■■the 'tmilli,i. and who' aro working 1111 in a. manner which leaves much that 13 desirable., l am afraid that tins spint of neglect •• is 'in a f,.Hca>es fostered by the . fact of/coinpetition ipr _ such.-a-., oi-o's milk,thus j) acing Inm independent of tho standard' y'. factory's 'dcmaiul, ,: ; and»also. ! td : ;the.', niistal!en , be!'ief "MPrdafe-.ma rhinery Mian;'transform any. kind 0: inferior milk iiito.a first-class artiele.: Willi' ail. our progress* we still fundamental .y.-V•pp.t'h" factory/ find oil- fani] obtained by tho use. of (he broom or. brush and hot '-.JfJ--'vesdj aroj.iieglceted in'any part of our process, we are-defeating nil modern machinery- in (he. use for which it was inane. ■ ' Si;-: 1 " ■ ■ ■ -■? ■■■ Tho Babcoek Tfst In the. earlier days of oiir.'.industry the

•system, oi payment was by measurement irrenKM'iivo- o:'\ vnryin.: Isuttcr-iat. (Ictor'n-.i'nVit i oii-. i-i cf: u:hir;h at tliiit* time." was nut. readily at.tai.iiaijlo,- Avas^hi : but- upon- the in-: ! roiliu I ion. generally .- ci' l>r: Babeoek's centrifugal testing machine' the'means of f payjii({.lea<^Xai ! iUl*r.accprtling to. the but-: : :ter r advantage on the farmer ulii'air method. ■ Have 'onr farmers grasped the'full, benefit • of.;this: now imii-spensab'.e . piut.c of machinery 'i\ .■■WhaVtf.-%'f^ tin: man 'with an unprofitable. h;'Yd io continue milking such, and ivhafciit.-'-niehhs 1 a if; t life- 'p i'.c sc ii fr:t i ine.t ]i ro ii}? hi *.t li o 5 r liVod i■: m' : ot'y.tho' eow-tesiir.g/ ns.sj.i'iations. in- dcicct-: in;;, the solid',' bad; and imHtfen-.it butier-i ,TdJt^.ifq\Vsjr _ !aiiil:J:ca*iisi(lorv^vhat' i --iiiay.-Vstiir-.bo dohe. in ' assisting Uv. raise the individual blister-fat.production of: tlu;.-eo-,vs of-..the P«inm:<>H. Tiutliru it to'say cm: tliis-sis)'-jeej. that. the time .is. fast : apj<io;\!:h:n;? when a cow's butiei-fal record only, will be its .basis,-«if. Yaluifc.Svp^^^

- Whey, Butter-,: and, -CascMi. -. . » : -.. The tinse of still iurthcr progress is at. :-.htiiicl., ..' ; \Ve-.-?ia\-o Viioticb'd 1 i : rbcontly'.-,';v ther advance, by ..way ct'/lbe better, utilisation of the whey from rbcc:-e .'factories by extracting the. ,buUer-f at i'or. lw! ler.nmking purposes, thus -lemoning material-' lv-'tiie cost oi •manufacture <;!" each pound of -cheese, and enabling a. better price to Ik> paid "tlife.iri ilk/supplier*'accordingiy; Wo can. also.:K(rcsce!.it hat,'*thisiyskimmediwuey will s:.pii be further di?seeted ;i .for, tho extraction of.its milk-M:;:ar;contents, thiis;-.:.fiirtli6r- onhMcifig?thort'amoiint'i'fori dwributioii amongst milk suppliers. .. .

. Siiniia'-ly in-the/i'ase : of .butti'!-.factories ..f'np.iininiifa'cture.ol .ca?eiii, from the -kirn, milk 'has already <-uteivd npoti its initial •stages;; !i,in with ;ini!k : sugar exliac'.ion„-..i»!b10 hotter, factories tfj pin- corre-poiHlili:,-lv 'higher, price.' to then- -shareholder: . To t i:o.<« factories h;iving. an intlput; of considerable via'," a' iiu-ther sciuxe of R.iin .-ivi 11;') ii<> fdp lib t)/ iii rile riali sei ti ; iii.;) t lie vltrorf t iV> cii t t lip:;' b'ii ttei-iii i! kV : : ii> al- - nuuuicr . to' thei^lfcy':'^;.^'SV--

|), Whilo factories have 'been advancing ■■ i|v;o t iiiipor tance,- to'..ceon-' : ! :Pm.isa-. with 1 : the ;aidi bf*scieiitifie° measures tifcir cost of wprkin.!?,.'which.in turn means higher prices for' buito.r.-i'at, i( plain Hie.-c efforts cannot nt.'.i'.;'eir best be compared with the; rip;; .field inow. e.peli for progress oil the part: of-the,.farmer■>. himwijli the.great advantages to '•>S (Raitied 'IjyvnUlividunl cow-tcsting '<ai«l ' he acc<Miipaliyir, : ; .'iio<i-.«sily'of calKi::' out: .u.itpi-(Vht;ihero fis scope,' for". vast improvement: ..by "way-of move • intense JIW/JW'S*. c.l.>c.-tJ»j( f expieiice ha< h!)th<- !(V-on thai sue- ( lilerit-ir.:U!;--v ev.iw enabb, t}n>'• -eenniis "! a lareHy .iu.-i-ea>ed r,-uiiii\ .!',om anv *RiVgiijS«j^i-.iii.-Jn.ijitl._-.t>JiV. J jotlier ..wordvHh'e■jiifil .I» pi.l.io.a [ ~a ii'iij ,ii iid ii i li ; io*i! s r: . frmor.<■ :■ o;i ii ; .!i'S 1 -•"'11:. J i i urns . coiiMdei ?bi v, AV IfL'lti.i! - B.l)U' i -.,tp; niv.vi.iituiii ii'ii'oi ,: -ooVJ «„• til,' aiVn,, through • ih.v grcwing, uf ' '""j" ~'AY?i ! ;ave .-iiiM.-.m-.w ~j | |,j s /liiiMicplarly ...in. ~v 'i!ry >:iii!ino!', Tmi the -V' ;, V ! '. l(> H'Sims and culling of individual cow. mils'., mutual:, feme we : can say due l^re« s - i v >ing-nualc) £'}■ .-'uus„t ■' sg fc ( •0.. .ivo riv •• in- ix?n t - enru* •est over tlie.-e aiul, show- that vaJo.noN.. In. menus • wherefcv ' ■.our ,induMry\can.. extead : mc-ro raridij/'^