A VANISHED MONARCH.

Dominion, Volume 4, Issue 942, 8 October 1910, Page 5

A VANISHED MONARCH.

ECHO MAHUEL -DISAPPEARS.

REPUBLICAN RULE OF " AUSTERE

IORALITY AND JUSTICE."

raPOUUSE'-VEPORTED/^HALF-HEARTED--

'NEW-VEIISION 'OF-t BE.-AFFAIR.

Br IVjlesrapn—Press Association—Copyright (Rec. October 7,10.45 p.m.) •; Lopdoni October 7The- "Daily Chronicle" correspondent, in a long dispatch; via Vigo, on' the west cpast of: Spain, states that the revolution is confirmed in Lisbon.. The mass; of the:residents-of IJishon are apathetic, and it is nonsense to describe the. Revolution/m a popular upT .rising..- '.■' .■'•'. ■-•"."■ ■ - Most of the inhabitants Wd in their houses, and many took refuge in" their cellars!.; When,,the fighting was -overthey armed themselves and posed as liberators of their country. \ ,', 'On;; Monday night groups of: workmen, were escited : over Dr. Bombard's hmrder, and shouted: "Down with the Moiiarchyl" The police finally dispersed thenii hut the revolutionist leaders went ,'to- the barracks of the disaffected troops, and killed those of 'the officers who resisted" them. .' ; The City Commanded. They then, distributed arms' among the populace,' and mounted four guns on high ground, threatening Lisbon, and the entrance.from the river..':'■ \ --,'■-. ': News of the rising was telephoned to the confederates, and, /as prearranged, , cable. ; telegraphic,..' and railway 'communications with ■ the- outer world were; CUt off. ''•■''S' : " "''.' ' - '■■ The chief of police; on hearing of the propositions for the rising, telegraphed to the. Minister'of War. The' Minister, j however, wa's: suffering' from feyer,' and was:compelled 1 to keep.his;bed. /' ■■'•..•' Loyalists Dlsprganisqd. The niilitarj commander of - Lisbon and many officers were absent at Cascaes, a neighbouring watering-place, the . railway /communication wjth. which, the revolutionists .-promptly cut., ■■.:.'■.•.• ;', .■■ ;; The royalists/,wer© .thus;left 'without a leader, and , their 'organisation was chaotic.. ~ ■..''■'. .-....,. Numjjers .'of''naval officers .came ashore, and.'.' they '■ commandeered- - cab horses;:. Borrowing: saddles,', they then' broker-through the Royalists' lines, and: joined the rebels, superseding the sergeants who had hitherto commanded. ,'" The .flagship Dom, Carlos did not side: with;:the."rebels, 'but' ; refrained firing wjven the- San:Rafael and' the Adamasf' te>r bruisers) shelled the palace. ■.'-..•' ;'; Manuel Unafraid. ;| .-;;,;■>;..; ,; There, '.was .a- desperate struggle, aboard: the warship Fernandez,, and in a hand fight the /Royalists ultimately hauled down the'rebel-;ensign. ;:;•■■; • ; The San. Rafael's; second, shot "broke the flagstaff a,t the palace, ';.-,'.:' ' The majority 'of King .Manuel's ,en T tourage.fled, but. a few proved staunch., . - King Manuel - showed no fear, and 'favoured remaining at all costs,; arguing that flight would receive the worst possible : interpretation;:,./' ';-'-' .'Ultimately-he yielded,:- and quitted the palace in an automo'bile, : He made bis departure with ; a -.cheery smile, smoking- a, tigarette, and took refuge' iri.the city.:

A rumour spread that he was aboard the Brazilian .warship Sao Paulq, ;-., The -revolutionists sought him there, but the commander of the Sao Paulo refused.to allow them aboard/' ; Later King Manuel left Lisbon. ■ Offices Bombarded. The San Rafael bombarded the Gov? eminent offices at a range of 400 yards, killing several clerks, and also a num-, ber of spectators in the. Praco dp Commerce. '..• ■•; ; - ..;.- • :. .■'.'; ,-: Tho' Royalista brought two field guns, ; and, replied, killing a number of ,the: San. RafaePs gnnners, '.and:.: compelling ,them to flee,' '■'.'- ' ROYALTY IN FLIGHT. WHOLE FAMILY SAILS FOR .' ' BRITAIN. 1 TO POWER. s \'-', : By Telegraphs-Press Association—Oopyriglit. ■ : London, October 6. Renter's Lisbon Agenoy telegraphed this evening stating that King Manuel, the Queen' Mother,' .■ and' the King's, uncle,'.'the-Puke of Oporto, were ,on board the Royal yacht Amelie, which : had already, sailed for,: England. ::^ MORE MYSTERY. WHERE is KING. MANUEL? ROYAL YACHT AT GIBRALTAR. (Rec. .October 8, 10:45 p.m.) ■London, Ootober 7. • ■ The Queen Mother and the; Infante Alfonso (Duke of Oporto),' aboard the Royal yacht Amelie, have arrived at Gibraltar. ; ,'■-.' Unoonfirnied runiours':., state that King Manuel is also vaboard.'.•'■ : Apparently the, Royal Family •■".• took refuge at Mafra. Monastery, .near Lis-, bon, whence they boarded the; Royal yacht, : which was; anchored at Ericeira, 22 miles north-west of' Lisbon.. THE LATEST NEWS. LOYALIST'S FORCES ENTRENCHED. BRAZIL AND THE REPUBLICANS. (Reo. Oct. 8, 0.35 a.m.)' ; London, Ootober 7. - Tlie 'latest reports , state , that the loyalists in. Lisbon and part of the forces are in entrenched camps, and have not joined the revolutionaries. .'-■'. The revolutionary proclamation has been distributed in Lisbon, denouncing the Braganza dynasty, as maleficent, and a wilful disturber, of tho : socia} pence. Tlie dynasty is for over. pror scribed from Portugal. The proclamation proceeds to declare that tlie country's slavery is ended, and an epoch of austere morality and jjniniaculate jmtico h*«, baswi.

'Marshal der Fonseca, PresidentDesignate of Brazil, who was lately King Manuel's guest, has been.'• motoring through the streets with Dr. Theophile Brrfga, tho Republican President. Sonhor Sousa, the late Portuguese Premier, was wounded through a shell exploding in his'house. THE NEW GOVERNMENT. ; ' PROCLAMATIONS AND MANIFESTOES. PUBLIC ORDER GUARANTEED. London, October 6, President Brega has telegraphed to foreign Powers announcing tho establishment of a Repubb'c, and adding that' the Provisional Government guarantees public safety and order. - The Prosident has issued a manifesto j to the army and navy, expressing tho ! hope that officers who did not partici-' pate in the revolution will declare their loyalty to the new. Administration. A proclamation to the citizens has also been issued by tho President, in which ho declares that the dynasty of tho Braganzas has been maleficent. Its rulers, ho declares, have been wilful disturbers of' social peace,, and should be for ever proscribed. REPUBLICAN POLICY. "GENEROUS AND MACNANI- - FIRST COUNCIL MEETING. Lisbon, October, 6. : Senhor: Eusebjo L'eao, the -new Civil 'Governor of;Lisbon',:.made' a - speech; from the balcony of' the. Town ,-Hall, entrusting.; the policing of': the city-to the piiiiienis.' He;: said they would:rer sp.ect all.pubjic/press,:and private property, and tho-jiyes of all; whoever they -may be. •;:' : ;; '' :/ -i/- ■[■::: '-"The Republic," declared the Governor, -"is generous,:and magnanimous." ; A huge, crowd.' cheered the speaker' frantically;v. !.'-;'.- ■"-.-"■.-.. -"•'-..'■".■ '■;:,:,/'" . The Provisional Government holds its' first council to-day. . ..,.'. ':;:. ..The-Premier and Minister , : of War have handed;.over the direction pf-af-.fairs .to the new' authorities. •'.' ■ -'•':-/■• ;-. ColonelMachado (Minister of Foreign Affairs).!? a'barrister and: journalist; Senior Costa (Minister;, of Justice), a of law. and; ail 'orator; Senhor Antonio Gomes'.(Minister of Public Works), a barrister;' and Serior Almeida; (Minister of Interior),, a debater. ■ {Certain positions in Lisbon', are being■ strengthened, in. the' event of tbe troops which.have not yet given their, adhesion to the Republio/'.making an'v .attack,' .'-."■'.'■■ : : l .--::':'

; ' Huge; orpwds accompany' the triumphant troops ~$10; are marqjiingthrough the streets.

Nothing is given above a hundred. Eathor moro than that numher were' wounded. . ...

THIRTY-ONE HOURS' ";;,-■-'V;:;:f!CHT!.HCr : '•'.'■■.''■''■■■';■' NO VIOLENCE OR LOOTINC. :-.' SUPPORT: FOB LOYALISTS. ';::. London, October 6. ',■ Reports received from, Lisbon .show, that the revolution was decided on at 8 o'clock on: Monday night, on the insistence of Admiral Reiss. that it should hot 'be deferred; as .the, cruiser Dom, Carlos was under, orders for seai ..""..'■ I ; ,- Thirty-one hours' fighting took place. There-were.no acts of personal violence or•■ looting.; The, banks were guarded by sailors.' ...' : '- :r . -■'■'• The Portuguese preßS asserts that the outbreak. was ' initiated by the : 16th ■Regiment, aided r by the Artillery,. ..a naval force; and. 'five; thousand armed civilians. '■ : -'.'■••. : :. , --'.-' ''•' -...•'Spanish official telegrams declare that provincial troops are maroking to Lis-, bon' to support the loyalists. '..';■ :> A. crowd , attacked' the residence of Senhor Luciano Castio, but.the< provi-' Sional authorities soon restored order. : It is reported'; that the 11th Regiment, of Infantry; has acclaimed the Republic. : ; "' '•"■';.. '..' ..,'"■; ROYAL FLAG HAULED .V..\',. ; : ; ; : ., ::.poWN.:--\V' CENERAL COMMITS SUICIDE. "LONG LIVE THE RBPTTBLip!" '■'A- ■ '•'.' Lisbon, Ootober 6. A .brief 'bombardment of the' Palace •at Lisbon resulted, in,tlje lowering of the Royal, Standard; ■'.•■'■. When the ■. insurgents : stormed the Palaoe, General Gorjao, commanding the Royalists,, committed suicide. , ; .The warships during the..'bombardment did considerable damage to ; ;the Ministries; around the Praca do"''Opmmerio, and the tower of the church attached to the Palaco. was demolished, i A number of. spectators were killed in the lower: town. •: ■;.■.■'■' From .the..accounts many were killed of wounded in.the .:'•■.." At 8 o'clock oil Wednesday morning the remaining . Loyalists surrendered" and returned to , thejr Barracks, the populace applauding, cheering,, shouting "Long live the Republic!" . and 'hoisting Republican flags. ..'. • The warships greeted the hoisting of the'flag with; salvoes of artillery. Revolutionists raided tho building flying the old flag, treading' down the' emblem of monarchy and singing the "Marseillaise." ' . . ■, The Red Cross and Fire Brigade men removed , the dead to the morgue and the wounded to the hospitals. Conflicting reports are current as to' King Manuel's whoreabouts. A LIGHT DEATH-ROLL. UNDER A HUNDRED. .. ENCOUNTERS AT OPORTO. ' > , London, October 6. Estimates of: the number of deaths in the street figktiup: at Lisbon are trustworthy,

Twenty persons were wounded in. encounters between loyalists and revolutionaries at Oporto. ENGLAND'S ATTITUDE. GERMANS THROW SUSPICION ON IT. ENCOURAGING REVOLUTION. (Rec. October 8, 0.10 'a.m.) • "-.... London, October 7. • . German and Vienna newspapers show a marked disposition to throw suspicion upon England's policy in connection , with the: Portuguese revolution. Some of the German newspapers, in pommentuig -upon.Mr. Asquith's, recent speech wherein he emphasised upon alliance between Great Britain, and Portugal, as being not a league of dynasties, but of nations. The "Deutsche Tages Zeitung" says this is universally-regarded'as a. "direct encouragement to the revolution. BRITISH MINISTER CALLS ON REPUBLICANS. SPANISH WARSHIPS DISPATCHED Lisbon, October 6. The British Minister (Sir F.' H. Vil Hers),' in full umform, went ; to ■ the Town Hall, and ■ interviewed the! Republican leaders.' ■■ ./;,;'■■ .'. Spanish warships have gone to Lisbon. ' "■' :■!.':. ..'•'■ ANXIETY IN SPAIN 7 ; REPUBLICAN CLUBS WATCHED, ; BRAZIL REJOICES, ; : \.. Madrldi Qctober_6. ■ The police are watching the Republican clubs in Valencia, and .other cities, and their flags:have been removed.' Radioal demonstrations made in Barcelonawere:dispersed by the,police. 'Rejoicings in Brazil are reported. ~■ The Portuguese •' settlement.'-. of Loren-, zo Marques, in' South-East Africa, is' stated to bo quiet.- : PREPARED FOR EVENTUALITIES.

TROOPS: ON: FRONTIER "WAENED.; (Rec. Oct.' 8, ,0;35 a;m.) , ; London, October 7. •}[ '.Senor.Canaleja-sV.the Spanish-Premier, ■replying to, a question in ; th©. Chamber, said that, persistent. reports' had been received that-fighting had been resumed, in .Lisbon, Hhe, monarchist troops, having been, reinforced. ■' ■.■-.:;>-:...,; ■"■■'''•';• He added ■'■that;,-two;-.: companies of troops, .and:warships,:had been; sent to' tagu£v;; : i'- / ■ ,The troops ; on ; the> frontier : had also: been ■warned\to: be ready-.in,' :case of '■."•. : , .'.";;■. WEALTHY TRANSFER THEIR ' /;'..;L.';: : :CASH.'...:.yV.^;.:', ■ 'QUEEN MOTHER'S' CAUTION;-V: '■■ (Rec. October 8; .1,10 a.m.) , i' -";... '.""v'.".;-:-- ( :';.;-'':London, October 8. ; - :-.'. A. number of ;weilthy Portuguese ra'cently.'de^ii^-: and Parisian banks, in .additipn ; ' to jewellery, Opiate,-and : heirlpbmß. ; The Queen 'Mother : 'at" ih&'-:'saipe.time transferred.'her private', fortune through ■Englishhouses;f ;;,/;: '' ;/' : -'.: ':y,t ' ; '^.''^^:-A.7RAG)biSIbHT.": : .?y.;--. ; -':' CR«o; ; ;October 8, .1.10 a.m,j ';.>; London/:Optpber>B. ;. ; Mr. Donohoe, of the: "Daily, Chronicle,'" "continuing, his account,, says.'.an; Englishman'on' the roof, of a'hotel.saw the Dom Carlos's.. forward--.searchlight .turned on the quarter deck, revealing a group of officers -and,-a ,fe\v "sailors round a machine gun. : They,were half 'blinded, by thoilight, .and were unable to -fire, ( ' ::;;■::'':■:■ .h' u -:<y''[ ■ : A volley followed from mutineers bidden' in : the darkness, and : when v the searchlight : flashed again. all were. dead,

blighted affairs. He would have to. attempt, with more - ; ability and. more ruthlessncss, the work- in. -which Dom Carlos perished and Scnhor Franco failed/ He would have to be"a person of solid powers and magnetic temperament,, able to make himself respected by economists and idolised by' the army.

NEWSPAPER ACTIVITY. "TBIES" AND '.' 'DAILY MAIL" A :..-:;.:,; dayahead; .": : ;'.; -■ London* October 6. '•- •■.. "The Times" and :tho.''Daily Mail"; were a day ahead '..of' the other, papers with the news of the revolution in PpjY tugal. •' ■';.- >:'" : ■'.'.■, •', : '.'■"'.;,' ';-v..v: -':- WILL THE RePUBLICjLAST? ANARCHY IN SIX MONTHS; V 'A PESSIMISTiaiIWPHET. OP l?ok,'The tragic assassination, of King Carlos andthe Crown Prince in 1908 called.fprth many articles on ; Portugal in the. : reviews and magazines.' Among rhe.inost interesting, was one .by "Calchas," the'well-in-, formed writer oh European affairs,'whosearticles have far many years appeared in; the • "Fortnightly:. Eflview." Discussing the futnre pf kingship generally,'but with-' special reference;to Portugal, "Calchas," otherwise .'Mr. J. L, Garvin, editor-,'pi; the "Observer," eaidrr' ...' : \. ■.'.".:.': l ■■■ ■; Popular Rule Fails. - V;' ; : "Portugal is a country where the prospect of representative ! institutions, when they were more or less introduced over two generations ago,' might ihave' been .thought excellent. The country which gave to the world Prince Henry the Navigator played, in proportion to its extent,'as groat a part as*any nation,-- The Por■tugiießp were the..pioneers in sea: power; and sea empires, They pointed, the way to the Cape, to India, to Japan'. The people.from whom sprang Albuquerque and.the Marquis do Ppmbal have-produc-' ed great-governing minds. They; live on an' Atlantic seaboard and.'breathe ocean air, It is. true that there is a greater range. of type among them than among i any other European nation; and - the' in-! ferior typo is less adapted for political, equality than the lower level- in Andalusia or Sicily. - But an optiniistio .philosophar in : the-fervent years between 1830 and 1818 would have, declared, without hesitation, that Portugal was full of all the.latent aptitudes for self r goverhment, and that nothing but liberty was needed for: the' regeneration' of the' : land. ■' Experience has proved that representative Government 1 in Portugal has been up to the present a. dead failure. The country' has been the prey of office-seekers battening upon the revenue; ' It has remained sunk.m debt, corruption, and illitaraoy. ' "Party distinctions,' so.far as.effeotive principles were concerned, had become a languid hypocrisy. : The dumb mass .of the peasants', w-'as .neglected and exploited. The more the Government changed hands the more tho system was the same thing. It aU oamo to permutations and combinations for the enjoyment of the spoils. Each; of the conventional parties had its turn, as Indian coolies when there is little tobacco and only ■ one .pipe amongst them smoke: it. in rotation. "The Conservatives under Canovas were denounced until the Liborals under Sagasta came in t° continue the, former policy. It was the same in Portugal, where-a Cabinet of, Rcgencradores under Hintzo Ribeiro was like nothing in tho world so much as a,Cabinet of Progressistas under de Castro; - . Real Men Needed. "Portugal needs measures. But real measures nover come, except from real men. In Lisbon therp is probably no man of sufficient magnitude available, and if there were; he could ript govern through the parties who have .hitherto

"To the efficiency of Government in Portugal a masterful exorcise of executive energy is . apparently indispensable.; If dictatorship is impossible, so much the : worse for progress. It: is probable that' even in Spain a constructive despotism formally renewable every five years would be of priceless advantage .if the. nation coHld only bo brought ..m. consent; to the method. In any case it must bo well understood, so far as both nations of the Iberian peninsula are concerned, that anything/like a permanent Eepublic is not possible. Even in France the Eepub. lio has only been established with; extreme difficulty. And France is a comparatively northern nation which still suffers from the bankruptcy of personal. Government without the hereditary title —which corresponds in the reality of its influence and meaning to the symbol of the consecrated.. 0i15... And,; even!. across, the Channel the' Republican, system is not. yet of indisputable:'permanency;: and; though now safe .enough in peace, .it- cannot with confidence risk a great crisis, of any kind. '. ' ..:.:■;. '.' A Collapse. Predicted. ...: "It will be objected that: the Eepublic has already existed for a short timei in Spain.- Yes;. but';it could not maintain jtself. ,'■■.' .; It-.cannot.bo doubted-that, jn Spain- the temporary .triumph- of .revolution would soon be crushediby a dictatorship. ...The same thing is. .true of Portugal,"though, the factors. .are not identical., In the latter country,the relative power of. the. capital is, of. course, far greater. But successful revolution in Portugal would be a deadly danger to Spain, and at a further remove would: menace the peace bf.ltaly. The'.Kcpub-; lioan spirit is, o£ course, peouliarly nouiv jshed in Lisbon by the example of Brazil, which is Greater Portugal, . under a, separate. Government. But it is much, rather to be concluded that a.Portuguese Eepublic would disappear in anarchy in six months! and- it is, in any.: case, sufficiently certain, as has been, remarked, "■•■ that m- both -nations (south, 'of the Pyrenees authority']s-permanently a, greater force than freedom, because it is a greater, necessity when ideals; of ..liberty come into conflict, witi the intereste of-order;"-. "'-.>--/ ■' ■:'■'• .'. V : .'--C' :