MILITARY SCIENCE.

Dominion, Volume 3, Issue 725, 26 January 1910, Page 8

MILITARY SCIENCE.

; AS UNIVERSITY SUBJECT. J i SENATE ADOPTS' PROPOSAL. •» ,v"; Dunedin, January 25 *&k.the', ; :;trniversity; Senate' • to-day, >;the Qi^ti6n: : pf -including.; miliary; science 'in SS'Stlie,- curriculum -the iV^^MiHta^^ y. mended:: that'military - science be included

in : th"o; course'; for. - 1 - -j ; the degree of ; B:A.: and rB.Sc., and .that, -.subject ;i>e;'defi3^d:'as! jEolloTre'^r^*"^'-^ ixwr.: Military Science, History, and; Strategy, and'peace.sirategy ; relations. '/•between.>;politics-and:. strategy j.:influence- : and'climitatibns of :sea powerstrategic! ' terins • and thar meanings r peace strategy; political ■' and ;/ na tio nalf •' lessons -to tie warned ';from great.campaigns.; ; o , :'(b) : -Military lessons- inthe science, of strategy, 1 art -of '• war, conduct of ' opora- ;• tions; -. different • , ; of>.- ( strategic aoialysis-in'.relation Ito factors which-.d©;.-v - influence :;on istraiegy tof 'physical features of. icountry •ii"'?:-!' '-aid - configuration-;of .bases .ana iron-; Note ' ampfe; from mUita^' history.; i; -- % for special stuiy to be notified at the. be--of each year. ' i x Imperial Defence. Ga^raplucalj ; statistical; and >;• ;.--icial aspects, 'strategic aspect of travel , bases, defended ports/ coal-, j inff stations, cables, wireless stations, {principles of Imperial defence, apranacy £t sea, local defence and its ability to coin .campaigns abroadi navy and rnaval policy, possible future wars and the irclation. of :• the- theatres of such wars to ';• • (Australasia, combined* militarr and naval ,- Operations, action by the uiuted foroes oithe whole Empire, local defence, organisaftion of the Empire for war, _ New Zealand's place- in the. Imperial .defenqo ' i'. : organisation. * Note.—These ; to ; . ;he.: con-, : eiicred in .the Ught of campaigns to oS:^y?lle^e(aally,;selected;:to : : \ .. t :

. i Tactics and Engineerinfl. .. ' (a) Development of tactics, since 1740; ;■ -most recent::illustrations of modern tec- ' • - tics to bo followed; generally; general tactics of the present day: staff officers and i staff;- duties, orders," intelligence .training lend ; discipline. . Note.' Spccird campaigns ' 'to be notified for .study. ,! :. (b) Military topography, . including the .foctical'value of . topographical knowledge; ": ; : . coiistEUction .aiid, interpretation of. maps tindscales; copying, measuring,;and en : S#.teltoging^■■maps;; of J field.;> stetcn- ■ : j - ; '^.contouring; .' formlines; hachuring and'shading;' use. ;of' instruments,: such, as . .the plane .table, cavalry sketching board, - : iprisniatic : compass,' ;,clinometer, abney '.- .:. lev.y/'aneroid, '.range-finders,. &S<v' i iance and reports, keeping of, field book ■ifiii:.land plotting traverse.. . ~ '. -w f (o) '/Military.; engineering; '; including -fac-; L~-%ical aspect.of military engineering;, genjeral'aocount ;ofi different divisions'of mih- . jiary engineering; object- of..field forhficaSkins;'. 1 projectiles;:their trajectories and M'Jr? 'fcenfifrafaon *■ entrenching; tools; materials :... •' iavailablo in the.' field; ground in. relation ?ri ; ;^ : to^'to : ,ieffect;;;!improyement ; ofy coyer;; ;■ i; of. 'foreground;; earthwork oh" iEtacles;"defence of posts .and';o'rganisahon ' . W largo positions for defenc^;.demolitions •' . Vith'•. and 'without.. explosives; general iv>".tfprinciples regarding roads - and- bridges, ' ' Water supply and sanitation.

>, Military Law. - 1 (a) "Administration: General principles j; ,:;:YOf/; administration. of.; an; army, vn peace, . staff; 'reigimental'. and "departmental KofficOTs;and'their. duties; 'orcanisatiori of ■> in-' peace war;' 'cnaracteristics • f»nd'-duties of: each; .arm .equipment,: rakions,uid. clothing;'' supply.' andtrans- • bport iB-'lTvar;!:'ammunition .reply ; '.constio!utioil of the; :regnlßx -,- army - and Terri:St;s}, go'rial Force;- constittition 1 of, the, forces. in todia; .constitution-of the' forces .in. the /colonies j organisation ,of the:; New; Zea- !. ;V forces and;their administra- : ii;;4y'v: r (Wi.l&taiyJl^V'-Ai^ :!vS-;: ttiiry law ; .crimes .'and punishments ;.; mili- . fiary;'and civil offences; ciril courts; ar- - '; [:rest; invefitigation by-oommanding officer;• ' ! Knminary. : punishment;, courts-martial, s'®; Sowers ; and procedure;;; law ; of- evidence; i;ss !>,: &nd' treatment of civil law. in! ' prespect;' to.: soldiers',. military-,:law"; in ';!rekpect. to civilians;'use of troops'.in aid !; £ - [of ;the'civil;power; military .laTr on' -actual (seWiooj rmartM/lOTji^to | Mr. James Allen's Views " • • • In the;discussion, on;;the: question; of •. . Bnctedmg-military science in the .degree. teoarse,:"Mr. J. -Alleav'on--behalf, of the- . Committee, stated ..that. tho - decision' arand, it--was iiow asked that military science •bo an . : : ;optKmal-.6Tib]eot for. the B.A. or B.Sc. de-, V'.teiee;'- and that the-.necessary. alterations fbe- mAde., They were aware that a formal • ." SBtep had been taken, by ,the.Legislature.. ®fe ;^^e;.diiiMtiony6f : ;pTOvi^g.,for:mißtary: : itraimng' of:.-all. young men - under a • cer-!i;;S.'lt^Va^:and,"^^realisihg-thsit.bfficersiwould, tbelwianJted,^ : most; of .'ihe':' uniyersities';had' i; • {already-. instituted, an • ofScc'rs' ! training :f ■- w [corps, and were. prepared to ,'do their 'part,' pn ' .traming men for. , the?-defence ..of. the ? ; Tho .; commitfcee :felfc - that , the iiM|S^te': ; &i^d r .?)2^^'stiU/tfurther. 1 ,'steps;' : ' .'-ahid givo men going in. for _their ; degree . jan .'opportunity of; taking, inffitaiy .scienta' -s )as: an - optional snbject ' - A two-years' rin'Y- military • science '.was 'providedIfor, "and colleges - were given - a chance .to - - ido something for the country .by making .. ' Mproviaion'. for. the. training;;' of mentwho! ,V' : Slight • afterwards become, officers. /Had . ' : jthey had tho power] the 'committee''might . JpoEßibly.'.havo ;gono.i)...6tep-further,-and suggest'.: to'; those; in'-.authority'/ that!this ■ ;,.' !. ; •coursa might; with very; little;alteration, -; . , f bo:llKuio available to those, outside the uni:<versity",who desired a very complete ;.. «ouree of/..military 'training.; -In,' that i;., ■ tease .the - course - proposed would be .of tuse,. not only to their own students, but : . r «lso.to others'who wore not regular stu- • . 'dents, 'butwho. would -bo glad. to : v , • lave •.' the special. 1 knowledge, that Lwould. be made available.' At .the present !i;!s'i! jtim&! no ; such- training was offeredVt<>' mili-. PfS%Rary. officers in Now Zealand, : and one of most - difficult questions which the Gov ; ,;.;-;'::Ho; : tniirL-it6(>fSbers::"'ltsedm'ed'fco;hiin,and te>!tinemlMrs''of committee that'.; the ■jiprovision proposed-by them I'might be : . by..the. Government for i training! /.'its:officers. -It.would not be possible-for : (axry this;on . without assist-'-once, !;but he thought; that'-the Govcrn- ; r ' .JJnent would bo providing economically, for -.'training of its officers ill it were.to grant ... ' -a sufficient amount to permit of the em-,-Iployment of professors of! military science J, jitr colleges. He moved; the • adoption- of Hho report., .; : V.

: . -, - Dr. Collins .in Support. . ' The Hon., Dr. Collins seconded .the mo*'tion. The peop'.o. of New. Zealand, he said, ■ ' had''determined on' a certain . amount of' '. , 'compulsory military training, which • "meant that young/men should learn how v'-.'.;' use 'a.' riflej"--- 1 and'. learn other^militafy. iraeircises,, and .become 1 a- disciplined foroe. : f ' i/ : iln-the conrseiof time: they "would have ;a • -military .force ,of a very fine type 'which. V ■■■ 1 ,-would not .' only- be > ;'means of defence, /would fihfihite-service inS--' v 'physical ■ training :fqr 'tho .men v:'V- raemselves.' -Having/got the force it. was ' .essential that something '.'6hbuld : he. done sin'/thojway of. training officers to lead .that force,- and it seemed ;to' him,'/that-' the. . 'time hod now come when the university v . V| : : could -yery well, with/great advantage; to 1 ; itself, institute' a course of■, the - kind..; sag-; /; ' / eested, Mid include-military science among {lie optional subjects for . degrees as ■ sug-' ] gestefl. The fact v.of ''teaching military / -science in each''of : 'the'universities.;w>uld -encourage.-in :the : universities : a-:.certain ;: . ' ' !amount" 'of , attention to / those sub- ' a regard for Imperial defence. ■> - Why Limit It To Arts Course? ■'/■ ; V:': : ''Mr.' :VonHaast / said '• that he .' thought j'ttat aU/iprejaTCd-'to; 1 give Ihe i/:";/"' (report their/ whole-hearted.Support. Still, 'rz/Sfto^bther^iaeulHe^lawj/miningV/m^ic *imd .not' tako/advan- :' " '*age '.of this course in/ military : science; mj-'sp desired. Still,'.that apparently ".-eould'not be. helped, and, if it was not ■i;?j^^ r ft : '/i^'/'diffid!altieqnfse,va : is6lTitibn. : i;: . ■difficulty' might be that members of other' // ■ faculties would, show sufficient enthusiasm. Z'/};;/'vto; : take.; up military science as/an-'addi- , The Scheme Objected to. /;-:;/; ;. : '/-'The; Hdu; : ' Mr.; Tole - suggested that it; Tras' not ''right- 1 that imilitary science should . . ibs inclnclea in tha arts »"''-«ciewi facul-

/ties,, which-were purely academical. Mili.to a- military coir. Uege,-fand: was ' purely ', technical. Ho ■thought that,it was not advisable' to immediately adopt tie ,'reports...: The proposal- was-.'only in -its suggestive ;stage, nof ' even experimental,and : .some time : might w;ell be : given; to its consideration. -He pointed '- 'out,; that:?; JjordJ Kitchener ■would shortly ;be in the. Dominion. Why 'not ;refor. i ! the.' matter, to. him, and get lan .opinion,.of a great military : authority ' "Who,;?. ;h^;;aili.ed;^J'is.' going jto control thisSinilitary institution'?'' i ; • . Members: The university.' .. . , . ,- ; Mrr'-Toler.--Won't-the'f:military. authori•ties want, some in the matter P • Members: No. " -'.. Mr- Tole: Won't the State, because, it 'gives monetary' assistance,. want some say in' the matter? -7.-. ,v ' - v Members: No, no. .:. ; : ' :. Mr. : Tole. believed .that there. were many -difficulties to be considered. He moved as anamendment.:- "That/whilst disposed -to - and entertain; the. proposal to .'make military./scierice. a ,'gabjeet for the ■arts course, the Senate is-oi opinion that, in - the present circumstances, and the of ;;the it is. expedient defer 'the adoption' of the re;port. uh.tiV general meeting of. the -Sekate,-and- that, .in the-meantime. ;thesubject;,of ;the; proposal be', referred to -the Military Committee in : recess for further, consideration; .-.together'with any.' suggestions,' ' cirbiun'stances, ■' or . develop:ments;\which.,may arise relating to such, ! a:. proposal, Mth:; liberty; to confer with anyVisompeten't .persons and-report., - ■ JfßSsrs. .Hogben and Louis Cohen, and Dr. 'Fitchett' and Dr. MTDowell spoke in favour of ; the ireport, and Professor' J. E. ißrawn;' Professor Salmond,- arid Professor Chilten'-, spoke','strongly.',^-against' 'it. The motion was carried: by 13 votes to 6, and the . report iwas/referred :to'. the Statutes Committee.