RACE FOR TRADE.

Dominion, Volume 3, Issue 716, 15 January 1910, Page 15

RACE FOR TRADE.

','Aii-'appendix 1 ■-■: to- the,: ."Jj-iscalvßiuo-' bookst'of. 1903; and. 1901 .was issued ,"ih'; ■ England /recently in ■>..?; series of '-'Statistical' •Tables Vand -Charts ! relating'-to ana -ifortigii'-''iHU'ii -It,'brings. ,up to ■ dntc ; the, "3?iscal Bhiybooks,"..arid, contains n:vast, .mass'.of'-.statistical matter*'of tho-'utmost-importance fr'ora'fits/b'eai'.inß on: : British .and- foreign progress: •;--' {■■ "The; change. (writes 3 a .-Tariff 'Reform newspaper) H which- has .come over -the wprldliii: thcMost .fifty years is illustratedby. the summary',tables'"at the: beginning of the -volumes. • The, United States' and Germany have-raced ahead; England has followed:slowly;, and'Prahco'-'irioro slowly still.::,:: ;:..:■',•«■-.■;: ,;'•; .-: , -.:.'■■'.■•

■'■■■ In ,1855 the,population ori tho United Kingdom was-equal,to that of the United States,'.-botli l .l'.avirig; 28 millions' of ; inhabitants.: Franca;had 36 millions',-and , Gci-many.:B3'millioris. ,In 1908 the ..United ] States,,liad„Bs millions, Germany 'Gl,' the United Kingdom*43, and France: 39 million inhabitants.;,; Thus Germany and the ' United 'States-had gained enormously 'in mari-power;upon ; ,the United ■-;';'.'-The :cpal output is-a/suvo sign of .progress..,, In 1885.w0 were' undoubtedly first, with an'.annual-output'of : ,G6,; million, tons.':'.' TheV French outont was 7.5 'millions ;'the, United ~i States-12.4.'';-;In '1908 these: figure's 'had ,;.changed . thus: -'' The ■ United -. .Kingdom,; .'.251", millions, tons;' United, States, 370 millions;' France, 34; Germany, 135.' ;It- should bo added that in the German figure lignite, an' iufb'ripr form of'coal,' is evidently '.not included. About 60; million ; tons of it-was last:year,'-,;.'•• ' :; :■ -. ,- ••.;.'•'■■'■•.'.:■';';■ "Turning to:exports and;imports, the most striking feature'is the, manner ,in : •which,, Germany': and ''• the United -States havo gained- upon .Enularid .in. tho.last 'twenty •'years. 'Thbu'gh. Free-traders allege that protective duties .diminish,'imports and, exports, : 'that .is not the lesson, of these tables.' On the contrary, the imports arid '.exports of Germany, and the exports. of- the United-. States' have in-' cronsod; more rapidly-; sinco 1890, in ith'o'■period of high protection, thah;.thoso of Groat Britain. ; The imports of the United States'under M'lunloyism havo increased 'at almost the samb rate as the imports of; Free-trade England.: .-•'. -,' '■:.- '..•'Other •'tables..show that it is possible for. a tariff to protect and at the same time to, raise revenue. Tjiusthe duties on foreign manufactured .goods imported into Germany produced from IEOO to 1891 an average, annual amount of-'.£1,161,000, and in- 1908, ,£6,581,000., In' the United Stoles.-they produced. U?27,000,000 iu 1690' and J333,000,0'ii0 in',,1908, (ho average, duty being, 55 per; cent, of tho value of the goods." ■.;, :'•.'■..•'.••:.'■.■.. .; ■'■■.;■