ESPERANTO.

Dominion, Volume 1, Issue 152, 21 March 1908, Page 12

ESPERANTO.

(By S. H. Whichello, of the Gregg Shorthand Institute.) Now wo will consider tlio correlative words. Thoro aro 45 of them, which can ho easily committed to memory, and are perhaps the most extraordinary and skilfully arranged .problem that is to' be met with in tlio study of this wonderful language. It may bo said that when you havo acquired a thorough practical hiu\ working knowledge of these, 5-bu havo mastered more than half of Esperanto. As they aro so important, I propose to,.consider them at somo length. . Tlio iiiitial letters convey the following ideas:—"i," that the word _is indefinite; "ch," that the word is distributive or collective; "k," that the word is interrogativo or relative;, "non," that'the word is negative; "t," that tlio word is demonstrative. Tho terminal letters following "i" denoto that tlio idea is to bo applied in accordance with the termination, as follows"a," that it relates to quality, or tho kind of (adjectival) ; "al," that it relates to motive, or reason- for' (adverbial) s "am," that it relates tb time (adverbial); e," that it relates to place (adverbial); "el," that it relates to I manner (adverbial); "os," that it relates to [ possession (pronominal); "0," that it relates to a tiling (substantive or pronominal); "om," that it relates tb quantity or number of (adyerbiil); "u;" that it relates to persons or things specified (pronominal). Tho correlative words 1 iire all complete 111 themselves; but somo of them can be used as root words taking grammatical tormina-: tioh'when required by the sense to be conveyed: Those ending in tlio vowels a., e, o; li, must not necessarily ho. presumed to be the I parts, of speech these , letters indicate the | letters are not grammatical terminations; fchoy just show, as abovo stated, liow tlio idea convoyed in the preceding lotters is to bo applied. Those ending in a vowel all talco the accusative "ri,".and those ending'in "a" arid "ii" alsb take tlio plural "j." •; Examples of the' uso .. of tho correlative words: Series ending in "a" (quality; kind of) adjectival Via;" some sort of, somo kjiid of, any; "chia," every kind of; every (any sort of); "kia," what a, what kind of, of what kind, as; "rienia," no, no such;,no kind of; of no kind (not any kind _ of); ''tia," such a, sucli kind of, of .that kind; "tia . • ■ . . kia," such . . .... as. vi no liavas ian libroh, kill klarigos Havo you. not some book which will explain that?; Mi havas ian ideaon kiel ghin fari-r-I havo somo (or, an) idea how to do it. Ekster cilia dubo—Beyond any sort of) doubt. Tiaj frazoj trovighas en chiaj libroj —Such (kind of) phrases are found in all kinds (sorts) of (or) in any) hooks. Ni no scias, kiel ili farighis tiaj, kiaj ili,estas—We do not know how'they hecamo what (suclr as) they aro. Neiiia aritaua sp'erto estas lieiosa —No (kind of). previous experience is necessary. • Tiari virinoii oni chiam ostimas—Such a woman one always esteems.' Mi donis alii la libroh tiaii; kia ghi estis--I gave him the book,, sucli as it was. . Kian aghon li havas? . How.old. (what kind of'age) is he? Komoncante do,kia ajn momerito—Commencing at any (whatever) moment. Kia bela domo—'What a beautiful house. Kiaj estas. la kondichoj?. What aro tlio terms? Ili estas fieraj, nine estas tiaj—They are proud, wo aro not so. Shi eksentis iori tian, kion shi 'mom komenco no povis kompreni. She began to feel something such as she herself at first could not- Jen estas la monumehtb, tia, kian oni, gliin prisliribis—'■ Hero is tho monument such as they described it. Via. agho estas tia saina, kiel tiu do via frato —Your ago is the same as your brother's. ' ■ ■ . •

THE NEW. CLOTHES OF THE KING.— 1 (Continued.) La regho baldau denove sendis alian bori.koranoficiston, por revidi, kiel iras la teksado kaj phu ■la shtofo baldau estos prota. Estis kun'li tiel'same, 1 kiol kun la minisfcro;; li rigardadis kaj rigardadis, sed char krom ]a malpjena teksilo nenio estis, tial li ankau nenionpovis vidi: : : '/.No voro, ghi estas ■ bela-peco' da shtofo? Diris la t-roinpantoj 1 ltaj >moiitris"liaj ldarigis la belan desegnon, kiu tiit'e ne'ekzistis. , ,

.; Malsagha mi ja rie'estasl Pensis la" sin-: joro, tial sekve .mi he taugas por mia bona cfico. Tib chi estas stranga, sed almenau crtii 110 dbyas tion clii lasi rimarki!. '• Tiel Ili laudis la slitofon, kiun li ■ne vidis, kaj cortigis ilin pri sia gliojo pro la belaj koloroj kaj la bonega desegno. Jes, ghi"estas raval Li diris al la resho.' ~ v,. \ : Chiuj. homoj en la lirbo parolis nur pri la bblega, shtofo. .; i . : ; Nun la-regho mem volis ghin vidi; dum ghi estas ankorau siir la teksiloj. Kun tuta amaso dd elektitaj homoj,. inter kiuj sin trovis aiikau- la.ajiiKau maljiinaj honestaj oficisfcoj,. • kiuj. efitis.tiG antauoj 1[ iris al .la rtizaj trom•piihtoijj. kiuj :min. teksis per chiuj fortoj; sed sen. fadenbj. .

,Nu, chu tio chi he estas efektive belega? ' Diris.' ainßaii; Honestaj" biicistfij;'.'- Via regha Mosht-o : iiur admiru,._kia'. desegh(3i kiij koloi'oj I kaj clio. tio chi ili .mohstris siir la malplenan teksilon, -char ili' pensis 'kb la aliaj kredeble vidas, la shtbfcn. •

Kio tio clii estas! Pensis la regho, ,mi ja nenion'vidasl, .Tio chi estas ja tbrura! Chu mi estas nialsagha? . Cliu mi, lie taugas'kiel reghoP Tib chi ostus la.plejterura, kio povH s ;,H6; ghi estas tre bela, diri? fciani la fegho.laute, ghi haras niiaii plsj alti an aprobon 1 Kaj h balahcis koritentb la kapon kaj observadis la malplenan teksilon; li ne volls, kbnfbsi,. ke li nenion vidas. La tuta solyantaro, kiuii li havis kun si, rigardadis kaj; rigardadis,-sed nenion pli rimarkis, ■ol chiuj ahaj; tamen ili chiarii ripetadis post la reghp: Ho,, ghi ja estas tre bela! Kaj ili konsilisal li porti tiujii chi belegajn vestojri e tiu chi b'eloga materialo la unuaii fojon oho la sojona irado', kiu cstis atendato. Raya, belega, iriifihda! ripetadis chiuj unu post la alia kaj chiuj estis tro ghojaj. vLa regho'donacis al la ambau trompahtoj kavaliraii krucon kaj la titolon de sekretaj tcksistoj de la kortego. TRANSLATION. The King soon. again sent another .kindhearted officer to see how the weaving was' progressing, and whether the stuff would, soon be ready. It was the same with him as with the ■ Minister; ho looked, and again looked; but beyond the empty loom there was npthiug; therefore, ho also could see nothing. True, is it not a beautiful piece of stuff? said tho adventurers, and they showed and ■explained the beautiful pattern which did not exist. Ignorant I indeed am'hot! thought this gentleman; therefore it follows I am'not lit'for my office. This : is-strange, but at least , one must not allow this to. bo said! Thoroforo'ho. 1 praised,the stuff,.which ho had not seen; and certified them as,tb his appreciation of: the beautiful colours and magnificent pattern,'. Yes, it is ravishing, ho said to tho. King. Tlio' wholo population of the city talked about the splendid stuff. Now the King himself wished; to, seo it" while it .wias still' upori the looms. With quite a crowd of iriyitecl, people; .-amohg whom were also tlio' two old honest officers who . woro there boforo; they went to the artful adventurers,' who now wove with all their strength, butwithout threads. Well, is it not indeed very, beautiful? said both the honest officors. Your gracious Majesty could but: admire such a pattern, .and such'colours, and at; this they pointed in the direction of the empty loom, because thoy thought that very likely the bthers saw the stuC' What is this? thought tho.King; indeed I,can see nothing! This really■ is terrible! .. Am I ignorant? Am 1 not fit for a king? This would be. tho most tcrriblo thing tliat could happen to ine. . 0! it is very beautiful,, the King tlicn said aloud, it has my most exalted approbation! And lib poised his head with. admiration as he looked at thb'ompty loom. Ho did, riot liko to owii; that ho, saw nothing. The whole of tlio followers whom he had with him looked arid looked, but saw no. more,than all the others; yet they always,repeated after the King: 0, it is indeed beautiful! , And they advised tlie King to Wear tliesb beautiful clothes made! out of this magnificent material the first , timo at tho grand parade, which was expected. Ravishing, beautiful, wonderful! repeated all, one after the other, • and hll were.',very delighted. The King presented to tho two adventurers tlio 'Chevalier Cross, arid tho titlo of Private Weavers >to the Court. _ .' (To bo Continued.)