FARM & GARDEN

Alexandra Herald and Central Otago Gazette, Issue 423, 2 June 1904, Page 8

FARM & GARDEN

,$ : . THE OX WARBLE FLY. Bert aad Mott sMftotsat War to ••« JMd •* tas Pest Is to Bostvox . §& ... ... **♦ *as>Soti * The warble or swelling on the baofc of cattle is caused by tie larva of a fly which attaches it« eggs to the hair on the legs, flanks and neck of the animal. These hatch and the larvae establish themselves under the skin, usually on either Bide of the backbone. Here they feed upon the animal juices until ready to pupate, causing the swelling or warble. When growth is completed the grub feeves the warble, drops to the ground, crawls under the) most con-

i: SECTION OP'WARBIaE. ""- "—•J venient shelter, such as a piece of board, j log, etc, and here transforms into- the ! fly or adult stage. There is a difference' of opinion as to how the grub gets un fc der the skin. Some entomologists claim that the egg is taken into the stomach by the animals licking -themselvesj; hatch there, adhering to the walls, the a' the grubs gradually .work their way! toward the surface, where they remain • until fully grown. Others hold that the, eggs hatch where they are laid and the Xooag larrae buzz themselves at encej

SSrFBBENT STAGES OP PUPA AND, ADULT FLY, , «nder the skin, Whatever method U employed the results are the same. ( The best way to get rid of the pest ia to kill the maggot. This may be dona

bj squeezing them out. Place tie thumb* aitr the base of the swelling and priH firmly until; the grab is forced o*t» To prevent the attacks of the fly Id summer, a mixture of four' ounces flowers of sulphur, one gill of spirits of tar with a quart of train oil rubbed along the spine, loins and ribs is useful. Train oil can be used alone*! As the fly does not move about fronv place to place freely, its eradica*; tlon on individual farms depends almost completely upon the owner*-* Orange jndd Farmer. ... j —— **^?| • % EARLY CULTIVATION. 'W

14 Wmm* MMh Bard Wortr, Bu« If Xa Waste That Pay* for Itself Moss 4- STban. Tvriee Or**, $ .

With, ail cultivated crops It Is the early cultivation that is th* most important. The weeds are easiest killed when they first make their appearance above ground, and if the weeds can be kept down and the aoil in good 1 tilth until the plant* get well started'to growing it is much easier to maintain- a good growth. One decided advantage in having the soil well prepared when the sees is planted is that it will be possible to begin the cultivation earlier. In most cases when the cultivation, is commenced in good season in the garden a sharp steel rake or prong-hoe, and, in the field, a good smoothing harrow will be found-the best and most economical implements. Properly used, they Will destroy the weeds that may have started up and at the same time will' fine the soil and keep it in a good -tilth, vVlth. all crops the cost* of cultivating is quite an. item, and when the condition of the soil will admit using them fa no way can the weeds be killed out ao effectually and tne soil be so thoroughly finsdes when these, implements •re used. *»

Then the cultivator can be used, talcing pains to work as close to the plants as possible. There is no advantage in working the soil deep. Thoroughly gtar the surface, and a better growth can be secured than by stirring deep, while •hallow cultivation is easier on man and team. ft

Under ordinary conditions one good fcarrowißg and three good cultivations should be given within the first six weeks of plant growth. Once the plants get well started to growing, it is comparatively easy to keep them growing. «#t. Louis Bepublic

PACTS FOR FARMERS, $j

fitnat* your buildings on aa ha&a> Vice, and never in a hollow.

The man who lets his work drive hfrn, ft he can help it, is a slave. v 2 cotunft S e t0 th in yonr fruit. You wflT lose nothing, bnt will gain. Do yon know where things needed in spring work are? It win aave yoa time Kb find ont now.

A smoking manure pile means loss of tmmonia. Open up the pHe, or batter tart it to the land.

Don't cultivate any more land thair you absolutely have to, which means Better cultivation and lesa land. Make a study of what will be best for the road before you try to improve it. sometimes one of the worst things is to build a road up in the center.

Piln testa with Irish potatoes, deep planting with level culture vielded 254 poshels per acre, and *allow planting with hill culture gam a yield of 224 Irashels.

€o long as sawdust remains on Top of the ground it is all right as a mulch for strawberries, but if it gets into the fround it may sour and be injurious.— Western Plowmaa-